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Learning Korean: opportunity cost vs. benefit
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World Traveler



Joined: 29 May 2009

PostPosted: Wed Mar 20, 2013 3:27 am    Post subject: Learning Korean: opportunity cost vs. benefit Reply with quote

If one were to read recruiting websites, corny travel guide books, and information written by Korean nationals, one would get the impression Korean is an extremely easy language to learn. This is not true at all. The opportunity cost for learning Korean is HUGE, so massive in fact that I would say UNLESS you are married to a Korean (or plan on doing so), the cost is simply not worth it. Learning Korean takes THOUSANDS of hours; 3-4 European languages could be learned in the amount of time it takes to learn just Korean.

What I am saying about Korean being one of the hardest (if not the hardest) languages in the world for an English speaker to learn is fact, not opinion. The Foreign Language Institute categorizes languages according to difficulty. They teach more than 70 languages total, and of these, they consider Korean to be the most difficult.

http://fsitraining.state.gov/training/Language%20Continuum.pdf

Arabic, Chinese, Japanese, and Korean are in the same category for 2,200 classroom hours, but there is an asterisk next to Korean, indicating it is the most difficult in this category. Languages like Russian and Vietnamese require 1,100 hours, and languages like Spanish and Portuguese 575-600 hours. In order to learn the language in this amount of time, however, a lot of studying outside of class is required- it is a full time job...plus to be even accepted into the program, one must score high on a language aptitude test.

This dude is considered the most advanced language learner of any living person on earth:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oudgdh6tl00

All he does is study (and teach) languages all day long, and this has been the case his entire adult life. (A newspaper wrote he is fluent in 50 languages, and has studied 180.) Here is an interesting quote from him: "I have studied scores of languages, and Korean is unquestionably the most difficult one I have ever encountered."

For a larger sample size, check out this poll:

http://how-to-learn-any-language.com/forum/forum_posts.asp?TID=7587&TPN=17

The general consensus on the how-to-learn-any-language.com forums (I read that forum a lot) is Korean is the toughest language out there. If you don't believe me, make an account on there and try to contest that.

Compare the lifers living in Japan and China to the lifers in Korea. The lifers (and expats in general) in Japan and China speak the local language much better than the lifers in Korea. Why is this? A: Korean is a darn hard language to learn. What makes Korean so much harder to learn than Japanese? Pronunciation. In this video, a language learning genius names languages which are the easiest for various categories. Easiest pronunciation? Japanese (and Indonesian).

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BhvQ4DaPo_U

What makes Korean more difficult than Chinese? The grammar. (Did you see how in the above video Chinese grammar was named as among the easiest?) Grammar matters a lot, as it can be stressful and boring to learn.

Quote:
Japanese is relatively easy to pronounce correctly, whereas Korean makes distinctions between regular, stressed, and aspirated consonants which non-native speakers have a very hard time to distinguish.

Korean grammar is highly complex, and retains many grammatical features that were simplified in Japanese. These make for additional burden on the learner's mind. As Prof. Arguelles, a scholar of the Korean languages, said on the forum : <<If you could get a complete grammatical synopsis of Chinese on, say, 10 pieces of paper, you would probably need about 50 for Japanese and closer to 100 for Korean>>.


To recap, Korean pronunciation is extremely difficult to learn, while Japanese pronunciation is extremely easy to learn; Korean grammar is extremely difficult to learn, while Chinese grammar is extremely straightforward and easy to learn. Incidentally, I've even heard Chinese pronunciation is significantly easier than Korean pronunciation. At first, the tones are hard, but after getting over that initial hump, the learning curve changes.

Quote:
Korean has no tones, but makes hard-to-hear distinctions between regular, stressed and aspirated consonants. Korean also has a rhythm which is very hard to catch. All things considered, one cannot say that Korean is easier than Chinese in terms of phonetics.

Chinese grammar is much easier than Korean. No flexions, no conjugation, no declension. This makes for a sharp contrast to the extremely convoluted Korean grammar.


Quote:
I struggle very much hearing the difference between Korean versions of the same consonants (g/k/k', d/t/t', b/p/p', s/ss, j/ch/ch'). This is after hearing Korean for around 15 years. Because I can't hear the difference, I can't really pronounce them correctly, either. I know they seem obviously different to Koreans.


This video hit me like a brick to the face:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cjPCP_jo6uw

(Incidentally, the guy in the video (in an unrelated article) wrote, "The average person, normal people who haven't dedicated their lives to being language and martial arts study-monks, would imagine that learning Chinese is about the hardest thing someone could do. But two weeks into my study of Korean, I began to suspect that Korean was harder. Six months later, when I could read and write with ease, and possessed thousands of vocabulary words, and countless grammatical structures, but still couldn't order off a menu, I was convinced, Korean is the hardest of the ten languages I have studied.")

Watching that video really made me think about some things. If the language "could be the only viable skill that you're going to acquire here that you can take home with you", it makes sense to think carefully about which language to choose.

http://www.squidoo.com/top-5-reasons-not-to-teach-esl-in-south-korea

Did you know Japanese and Chinese are in greater demand than Korean? Maybe you once heard about Korean being a "critical needs language". At that time, Japanese and Chinese were categorized as super/extreme critical needs languages. The U.S. government has always (at least in our working lifetimes) had a greater need for Japanese and Chinese than Korean. Why? There are so many people already who can speak both perfect English and perfect Korean, owing to the large Korean American diaspora in the United States, and the historically recent increase in parents sending their kids overseas to live in English immersion environments. Koreans have sent their kids overseas to study English at much greater rates than the Japanese, and especially the Chinese. I read only 3% of Chinese citizens have a passport. (I guess the government doesn't want to give them out to everyone for fear they'll never come back. Also, many people in China can't afford to go overseas or send their kids to overseas.)

There is way more money to be made as a Japanese or Chinese translator than a Korean translator.

Quote:
I know many Japanese-to-English translators making over $100,000 per year. Two of them (that I know of) make over $200,000. Japanese could probably be classified as a niche language (which is crazy, considering that Japan has the world�s second-largest economy).


Five years ago, one could make A LOT of money as a Korean translator. Now, the rate has dropped so much, English teaching work pays more. What happened? I guess all the Korean (citizen) kids attending public schools in the West (in the U.S. in 2006, it was 30,000 for elementary and middle schools alone) grew up, became adults, and returned to Korea (or continued to live in the West, using their translation skills there and online, driving down rates from abroad.)

Japan and China on the other hand currently pay very well for translators, and people there are getting more work than they know what to do with.

Japan is a rich country. Up until recently, it was the world's second largest economy. (China did surpass them, but China has way more people. On a per capita basis, Japan is ten times as wealthy.) It is unlikely Korea will ever come close to approaching Japan's wealth, in any measurement (total GDP, per capita, etc.)

China is an economy that has been growing fast for quite some time, and will continue to do so far into the future. The number of Chinese immigrants coming into the United States is expected to rise too.

I met two women from the show Chatting With Beauties (미녀들의수다). They both told me learning Korean to a functional level took much longer than they had anticipated, and I got the impression from talking to them that knowing what they know now, they would have chosen another language. I asked one girl why, if learning Korean was taking so much longer than she had thought it would, did she keep pressing on. She replied she had invested so much already, she didn't want that to be a waste. That explains where I am today, and this writing captures my feelings so well, it is as if I could have written it:

Quote:
After almost thirty years of studying Korean, I am only now beginning to see a light at the end of the tunnel, but even that may be a mirage since I have seen similar lights in the past. Korean has been like a carrot dangling from a stick in in front of my nose, tempting me to keep trudging along on my path to master the language, but always staying just out of reach. Sometimes I feel like a Guinea pig in some alien experiment in an episode of the Twilight Zone.

I wonder how my life would be different if I had not gotten addicted to Korean? Would I have married one of the women I pushed aside in my pursuit of the language. Would I now have a house, a family, and a dog somewhere in the US? Would I enjoy more the company of friends and family?

It has been so long that I cannot remember what it feels like to live a day without feeling obligated to pick up a Korean book and study. Sometimes I do not know if I am in heaven or hell.


Last edited by World Traveler on Wed Mar 20, 2013 4:06 am; edited 1 time in total
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Adventurer



Joined: 28 Jan 2006

PostPosted: Wed Mar 20, 2013 4:06 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Korean is certainly difficult, but many Asian wives pick up a substantial amount of Korean in a year. The problem is we are not as immersed in the language as they are. I spent hundreds of hours on Korean. My spelling is not very good, but my listening comprehension has improved tremendously, I can read a lot better. It has made my life easier in some ways. I can easily speak to the neighborhood grocer, dry cleaners, have students who don't have a good work knowledge of English understand me if I have to use Korean in a few cases.

Some people want to convince themselves that it's not worth it. It is a lot of work.
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World Traveler



Joined: 29 May 2009

PostPosted: Wed Mar 20, 2013 4:11 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

So for you you think the cost is worth it?

As Korean has difficult pronunciation and and is hard to hear, I think some people have a better knack for it than others. Particularly those with a French-English billingual background.

Adventurer was it you who said you know many (several) languages (or was that Privateer)?
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javis



Joined: 28 Feb 2013

PostPosted: Wed Mar 20, 2013 4:24 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Even if I could get the time time and effort I've spent back, I wouldn't trade the opportunities and experiences that I've had and anticipate having in the future because of this langauge.
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World Traveler



Joined: 29 May 2009

PostPosted: Wed Mar 20, 2013 4:26 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

That's cool. I'm glad it's given you a lot.
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Squire



Joined: 26 Sep 2010
Location: Jeollanam-do

PostPosted: Wed Mar 20, 2013 4:53 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Interesting topic. I'm not sure whether I find the idea that Korean is the most difficult language for us discouraging or motivating. It's definitely discouraging in the sense that the hours I've put into this would have had me at a much higher level of French or German, and it'll be pretty miserable to leave this country without feeling that I can honestly claim to speak the language at a reasonably conversational level. On the other hand, it would be cool to be able to speak the most difficult language.

For me I study almost entirely at school when I'm not teaching, and I can't imagine what I'd be doing with that time otherwise, so in that sense there isn't a great opportunity cost. Obviously there are things I could be doing (studying Mandarin for example) but I don't know whether I'd actually commit myself to doing them. I could just as easily waste time online like I'm doing right now.

Also I enjoy studying, it makes living here easier and has made me better at my job. I suppose in my case enjoying the process is what makes it worthwhile, despite whatever the end result will be. Most likely leaving Korea, forgetting what I learned and never using it again. If I didn't get any enjoyment from studying, then no- the total hours I've put into this wouldn't have been worthwhile
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PatrickGHBusan



Joined: 24 Jun 2008
Location: Busan (1997-2008) Canada 2008 -

PostPosted: Wed Mar 20, 2013 5:05 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Good topic WT.

I will chime in and say the effort to learn Korean can be well worth it for some and not that worth it for others.

For me it all depends on why you learn in the first place and then on what you do with the language once you master it.

My reasons for learning were obvious, the benefit for me based only on family relationship far outweighed the cost. The professional benetifs were a bonus on top.

I personally enjoy learning languages so I took pleasure from studying Korean and it provided so many benefits in my day to day life back then.

So the cost for me was time and effort. The benefits were greater autonomy in Korea, a better understanding of the local culture, communicating with Koreans in their own language, enhancing my relationship with my in-laws, Korean nieces, and so on. Seriously, just being able to chat with my MIL and FIL in Korean or with my Korean nieces was a benefit that surpassed the effort and time put in.

I wonder, why would French-English billiguals be at an advantage when learning Korean WT?

I would think any person who already learned a second language would be better equipped to undertake the study of Korean no?
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cheezsteakwit



Joined: 12 Oct 2011
Location: There & back again.

PostPosted: Wed Mar 20, 2013 5:21 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

OP,

You seem to spend a lot of time TALKING about how difficult Korean is to learn.
It�s almost like you have �paralysis by analysis�.

If you spent more time studying Korean & less time posting / talking about it, you might be further along in your progress.

I�m not denying Korean isn�t difficult, but I wouldn�t say it�s impossible. I also can�t argue with the fact that Chinese is a more useful language to learn.

For the record I�ve been here a year & just started my 2nd year at the same PS high school a few weeks ago. I plan on taking the TOPIK test in July for the 1st time.

I�m in level 3 of the free KIIP class ( Korean Social Integration Program ) & I think I get more out of self-study using books / internet than I do from that class BUT it keeps me accountable.

The fact that I sit next to a cute Chinese girl in class who knows a little English doesn�t hurt my attendance either � but I digress.

I plan on finishing up my year at my PS high school, then moving to a Univ. next year, then MAYBE going to Taiwan / China the year after.

For me, studying while I'm at my at school seems like a worthwhile thing to do. I don't wanna leave Korea after 3 years & tell a job interviewer that I spent 3 years in Korea with my thumb up my arse playing Starcraft.

I want something to show for my time here.

It�s just my �2 cents� (for what THAT�s worth ) but it seems you have 2 options:
1. Give up on learning Korean, if you haven�t already & maybe start trying to learn Chinese.
2. Study smarter, & harder on Korean & spend less time on Daves�, lamenting how difficult it is to learn.

If you need some good website / book suggestions, I'd be happy to share them.

Good luck.
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Adventurer



Joined: 28 Jan 2006

PostPosted: Wed Mar 20, 2013 5:53 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

World Traveler wrote:
So for you you think the cost is worth it?

As Korean has difficult pronunciation and and is hard to hear, I think some people have a better knack for it than others. Particularly those with a French-English billingual background.

Adventurer was it you who said you know many (several) languages (or was that Privateer)?


World Traveler, I speak French very well, but I don't think it helped me learn Korean since Korean isn't an Indo-European language, and it has no connection to the Romance languages. Furthermore, when I first came to Korea, it was hard for me to pick up the language "by osmosis", and that was frustrating, believe you me. Actually, after I left Korea for 2 years and then returned, it somehow got easier. I'm not sure why. I decided how much Korean I wanted to learn. I decided I wanted an intermediate level in the language. I took some classes, I brought my course materials and books with me to meetings with my language exchange partners, and I constantly reviewed. Why not have certain goals in the language and find ways to meet those goals?

"Do or do not do. There's no try." -Yoda
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salutbonjour



Joined: 22 Jan 2013

PostPosted: Wed Mar 20, 2013 2:48 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Korean is the hardest language to learn and also one of the most useless one in the world.

On the other hand, it's by FAR the most useful language in Korea. So whether you should it learn can be decided based of whether you want to live in Korea. If you don't want to live in Korea, spending 500 hours learning Spanish to a high level is pretty much useless while spending 500 hours learning Korean to a low level is much more useful.
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Drew345



Joined: 24 May 2005

PostPosted: Wed Mar 20, 2013 3:07 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

A Quote comes to mind (don't know who said it).

Everyday live like you are going to die tomorrow, and everyday learn like you are going to live forever.
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hiamnotcool



Joined: 06 Feb 2012

PostPosted: Wed Mar 20, 2013 3:27 pm    Post subject: Re: Learning Korean: opportunity cost vs. benefit Reply with quote

World Traveler wrote:

Did you know Japanese and Chinese are in greater demand than Korean? Maybe you once heard about Korean being a "critical needs language". At that time, Japanese and Chinese were categorized as super/extreme critical needs languages. The U.S. government has always (at least in our working lifetimes) had a greater need for Japanese and Chinese than Korean. Why? There are so many people already who can speak both perfect English and perfect Korean, owing to the large Korean American diaspora in the United States, and the historically recent increase in parents sending their kids overseas to live in English immersion environments. Koreans have sent their kids overseas to study English at much greater rates than the Japanese, and especially the Chinese. I read only 3% of Chinese citizens have a passport. (I guess the government doesn't want to give them out to everyone for fear they'll never come back. Also, many people in China can't afford to go overseas or send their kids to overseas.)

[/quote]

Great post and I agree with all of it except for the part I quoted above. If the government says it is a critical needs language that means they need it. It doesn't mean it's really hard, it basically means if you learn it your resume is going to jump to the front. A lot of Gyopos would be ineligible for the jobs the government is trying to fill with Korean speakers because they hold dual passports or don't have an American passport....or the process of screening them for a particular job would be too much trouble. However, it is true that the same rule for english speakers in Korea applies to Korean speakers in the USA - if you look the part your chances of being hired are greater. So a second generation Korean-American that may be a lower level than a white person might be given a leg up in the hiring process. Once I got past a certain point in learning Korean I was surprised how many Gyopos and 2nd Generation Koreans aren't actually fluent in the language. Their accent will probably always be better than mine though.

That being said, if you are learning Korean for the purpose of getting a Government job you are taking a great risk. You may run out of time and money because it is so difficult, I would pursue Chinese instead. It's a massive country and from what I have heard it's a lot easier to learn. From what I've been told the government can't get enough Chinese linguists these days, and they don't care what kind of dialect you know. The population size and location of that country will guarantee that the USA will be interested in it for the rest of our lifetimes (not sure about the UK or Canadian folks here though).

PatrickGHBusan made a post about his process of learning Korean on another thread with a similar subject to this and I think it was the best description of the process I have heard. I'm skeptical of anyone that tells me it's an easy language.

I personally have no regrets about studying Korean because I could stay here for another 3 years if that is what it takes. I just love living here.
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waynehead



Joined: 18 Apr 2006
Location: Jongno

PostPosted: Wed Mar 20, 2013 3:36 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Can't order off a menu after six months of study? Really?

Anyway, after 5 years here, I recently started taking a proper class. I'm enjoying it. My expectations are low, I know I'll never be fluent (nor even really close to it), but I study (and plan to continue to study) because: a) the challenge is fascinating, and understanding a new form or phrase that had always left me puzzled is a great feeling and b) what else am I supposed to do? just give up? that way leads nowhere
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happiness



Joined: 04 Sep 2010

PostPosted: Wed Mar 20, 2013 5:44 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

ive gotten every job here because i learned korean. my last job intv to teach english was in Korean. how weird is that?
i could do alot more with it if i want to
one day ill leave here and not need it
but im here now so i use it.

nothing more complicated than that
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edwardcatflap



Joined: 22 Mar 2009

PostPosted: Wed Mar 20, 2013 6:05 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Quote:
ive gotten every job here because i learned korean


Yeah. It obviously wasn't down to your English. Laughing
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