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Grammar awareness questions
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mesomorph



Joined: 13 Nov 2007
Posts: 63

PostPosted: Tue Dec 04, 2007 1:30 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Stephen Jones wrote:
Quote:
.. 'start' and 'begin' the engine have different connotations ...
No; there is one meaning for 'begin the engine', and two meanings for 'start the engine', one of which is a cognate of 'begin the engine'.

Incidentally we have all forgotten about 'commence'.


I am having difficulty with this whole issue of meaning, here is why:

As mentioned, language is in the public domain and has an infinite number of claimants.

I understand that you are trying to be as literal as possible, and I agree we have to remember to be as practical as possible when teaching language in an EFL/ESL context. We have to take things for granted, otherwise our students would get nowhere.

However the fact remains that literal meanings of words are constantly shifting depending on the group that is using them and what they agree a word to mean, and this has major implications for EFL/ESL.

There are many different reasons why a learner may want to learn English and this will have an impact on the language they are learning and what this language actually means.

If for example a learner is learning English for Academic Purposes then the type of language and the meaning of its units may vary greatly from students of general English.

This is less likely with base vocabulary such as 'start' and 'begin'.

However what is true is that there are also different types of English: British English; Australian English; American English; International English; and it is possible for an individual to be aware of all the different shades of meanings of words in these languages?

It is a hard job for the EFL/ESL teacher in the face of all the semantic possibilities of a language and all its possible uses and variations.

There is of course the case of metaphorical language, which can and will throw the spanner in the works of any innocent minded EFL/ESL learner/teacher.

What if we are teaching imagery one day?

What do 'start' and 'begin' mean that day?

Final thought - we should remember to use the most suitable language for the context we are working in.
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mesomorph



Joined: 13 Nov 2007
Posts: 63

PostPosted: Tue Dec 04, 2007 3:53 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Upon some deliberation I have confirmed that when we say 'there is one meaning for 'begin the engine', and two meanings for 'start the engine' we are indeed wrong.

There are as many meanings of 'start' and 'begin' as there are synonyms of 'start' and 'begin'.

As synonyms are never direct translations of one another then there are as many different shades of meaning as there are words and combinations of words in the English language.

Working with started -

I started the engine = a) I turned on the ignition b) I began to repair/assemble the engine

c) I 'fired up' the engine

Notice the different connotations of 'fired'; different shades of meaning; which suggest more of the internal machinations of our imaginary metal horse.

d) I 'embarked upon' engine repair

Notice the different shades of meaning (connotations) of 'embarked' suggesting more on the side of the nature of the task; perhaps daunting; undersirable, etc.

e) ad infinitum.

Working with 'engine'

I started the engine = a) I turned on the ignition b) I began to repair/assemble the engine

cii) I fired up the 'old steam train'

Notice that because we have not defined the wider context of our sentence it can be interpreted in different ways - context defines meaning; lack of context leaves meaning open to interpretation; grammatics, or a lack of, leave semantics very debatable.

Engine does not have fixed meaning.

dii) ad infinitum

Working with began

I began the engine = I A) began to repair/assemble the engine

B) I set in motion engine repair

Different shade of meaning of 'set in motion' - perhaps this is a big engine that takes alot of time to repair - who knows the wider context has not been defined - the meaning of one word does not rely upon only on its position in one collection of words.

C) I instigated engine assembly

Yes you began the engine but are you a slave driver?

Working with different purposes in mind

Hey have you seen the new Star Wars movie? Darth vader uses over simplified dialogue to increase the menacing effect of his psychopathic evil-doing. He says things like 'begin the engine' for 'activate the death star'.

Working with different types of English

Hey have you heard the phrase on the street for 'happy slap that old age pensioner'? Its 'begin the engine'. Weird huh?

Working with imagery

A recent report in the Washington Post revealed that Stephen Hawking intends to release a new title on the history of the universe the Christmas, rather imaginativly entitled 'How God began the Engine', which is apparently a metaphor for the big bang and the evolution of the universe.

...
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TheLongWayHome



Joined: 07 Jun 2006
Posts: 1016
Location: San Luis Piojosi

PostPosted: Tue Dec 04, 2007 9:07 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Red and white wrote:
On a slightly related note, how much fun can you have with turn on and switch on?

A light can be turned on or switched on, but I tend to feel differently about myself. If I'm switched on, that's not necessarily because something turns me on. And completely different from having someone turn on me.

Do I try to explain why, or do I just tell my students that's how it is and they have to deal with it?

Need to know basis! Ask yourself if they really need to know all the exceptions and variations. Are they really going to use them? I think the concept of a phrasal verb, remembering to use the preposition and remembering to put the object before the preposition if it's a separable one blah blah is more than enough. Anyway, they'll probably just end up saying, 'Put the light' or something like that.
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mesomorph



Joined: 13 Nov 2007
Posts: 63

PostPosted: Wed Dec 05, 2007 12:44 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Out of interest -

'Semanticists generally recognize two sorts of meaning that an expression (such as the sentence, "John ate a bagel") may have: (1) the relation that the expression, broken down into its constituent parts (signs), has to things and situations in the real world as well as possible worlds, and (2) the relation the signs have to other signs, such as the sorts of mental signs that are conceived of as concepts.

Most theorists refer to the relation between a sign and its objects, as always including any manner of objective reference, as its denotation. Some theorists refer to the relation between a sign and the signs that serve in its practical interpretation as its connotation, but there are many more differences of opinion and distinctions of theory that are made in this case. Many theorists, especially in the formal semantic, pragmatic, and semiotic traditions, restrict the application of semantics to the denotative aspect, using other terms or completely ignoring the connotative aspect...

In linguistics, semantics is the subfield that is devoted to the study of meaning, as borne on the syntactic levels of words, phrases, sentences, and even larger units of discourse (referred to as texts). As with any empirical science, semantics involves the interplay of concrete data with theoretical concepts. Traditionally, semantics has included the study of connotative sense and denotative reference, truth conditions, argument structure, thematic roles, discourse analysis, and the linkage of all of these to syntax.'

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantics

I was thinking about making a lesson out of this for my beginners...

NOT
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zorro (3)



Joined: 19 Dec 2006
Posts: 202

PostPosted: Wed Dec 05, 2007 5:00 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

So starting the car is not just a matter of putting the key in the ignition and turning after all.

I always suspected that there was something fishy about the whole process - some conceptual system that was operating beyond my realms of functioning that was driving me to twist.
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mesomorph



Joined: 13 Nov 2007
Posts: 63

PostPosted: Wed Dec 05, 2007 1:38 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

zorro (3) wrote:
So starting the car is not just a matter of putting the key in the ignition and turning after all.

I always suspected that there was something fishy about the whole process - some conceptual system that was operating beyond my realms of functioning that was driving me to twist.


Don't worry - if you want 'starting the car' to be about 'putting the key in the ignition and turning', then it is.

The only leap of faith required is understanding that 'start' has different connotations.

Just because 'start' has different connotations it doesn't mean you have any less free will than you had before.
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zorro (3)



Joined: 19 Dec 2006
Posts: 202

PostPosted: Wed Dec 05, 2007 2:34 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Laughing

phew. That's a relief. You had me worried there for a while.

Note to self: The different connotations of start DO NOT mean that I have any less free will.

Wasn't it a large, anthropomorphic boiled egg who once said that words can mean whatever he wanted them to mean (shortly before he fell off the wall and cracked his head open)?
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mesomorph



Joined: 13 Nov 2007
Posts: 63

PostPosted: Thu Dec 06, 2007 11:44 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

zorro (3) wrote:
Laughing

phew. That's a relief. You had me worried there for a while.

Note to self: The different connotations of start DO NOT mean that I have any less free will.

Wasn't it a large, anthropomorphic boiled egg who once said that words can mean whatever he wanted them to mean (shortly before he fell off the wall and cracked his head open)?


I have absolutely no idea.
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SocratesSon2



Joined: 19 Nov 2007
Posts: 134

PostPosted: Thu Dec 06, 2007 12:45 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

I have never seen so many people argue and discuss something so trivial. I feel like I am in a theological discussion among different sects of Christianity back in the 10th century. Some folks here need to get a new hobby.
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Stephen Jones



Joined: 21 Feb 2003
Posts: 4124

PostPosted: Thu Dec 06, 2007 1:39 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Quote:
Some folks here need to get a new hobby.
Yea, getting a life is out of their price range!
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mesomorph



Joined: 13 Nov 2007
Posts: 63

PostPosted: Thu Dec 06, 2007 6:47 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

SocratesSon2 wrote:
I have never seen so many people argue and discuss something so trivial. I feel like I am in a theological discussion among different sects of Christianity back in the 10th century. Some folks here need to get a new hobby.


I am not aware of anyone arguing.

Stephen you are just peeved because you were wrong wrong wrong wrong wrong Wink
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fluffyhamster



Joined: 13 Mar 2005
Posts: 3292
Location: UK > China > Japan > UK again

PostPosted: Thu Dec 06, 2007 6:59 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

*The car wouldn't begin.
The car wouldn't start.
The penny dropped.
Which is about two cents.
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TheLongWayHome



Joined: 07 Jun 2006
Posts: 1016
Location: San Luis Piojosi

PostPosted: Thu Dec 06, 2007 8:33 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

I wish I'd never started/began/commenced this thread. Wink
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mesomorph



Joined: 13 Nov 2007
Posts: 63

PostPosted: Mon Dec 17, 2007 3:55 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Wink Wink Wink
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