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Different "Learning Styles" - Fact or Myth?
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LongShiKong



Joined: 28 May 2007
Posts: 1082
Location: China

PostPosted: Fri Jan 31, 2014 4:57 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Johnslat wrote:
My, you seem so critical of critical thinking skills. Do you teach any of your students to write essays?

Sashadroogie wrote:

Plenty. Especially for Cambridge main suite exams and for IELTS.

But that has very little to do with what very many teachers really mean when they preach 'critical thinking skills'. As we have discussed many, many times before.


What's the difference? According to Wikipedia's definition::

Quote:
Critical thinking is a way of deciding whether a claim is true, partially true, or false. Critical thinking is a process that leads to skills that can be learned, mastered and used. Critical thinking is a tool by which one can come about reasoned conclusions based on a reasoned process. This process incorporates passion and creativity, but guides it with discipline, practicality and common sense. It can be traced in the West to ancient Greece with its Socratic method and in the East to ancient India with the Buddhist kalama sutta and abhidharma literature. Critical thinking is an important component of many fields such as education, politics, business, science and the arts.


And here are the requirement for IELTS Band 9 writing:

Quote:
Task Achievement: fully satisfies all the requirements of the task;
clearly presents a fully developed response (for band 7: (Academic) presents a clear overview of main trends, differences or stages
(General Training) presents a clear purpose, with the tone consistent and appropriate; clearly presents and highlights key features / bullet points but could be more fully extended
Coherence and Cohesion: uses cohesion in such a way that it attracts no attention; skilfully manages paragraphing
Lexical Resource: uses a wide range of vocabulary with very natural and sophisticated control of lexical features; rare minor errors occur only as ‘slips’
Grammatical Range and Accuracy: uses a wide range of structures with full flexibility and accuracy; rare minor errors occur only as ‘slips’


So, the questions remain:
1. Are critical thinking skills, at least as Wikipedia defines them, required for for IELTS essay writing, or just to progress in language learning as mk87 suggests?
2. If one agrees that such critical thinking skills are required for IELTS essay writing, do they differ fundamentally from the 'basic logic' students require 'in their non-English learning lives' as Sasha suggests?
3. Is it presumptuous to attribute a 'lack in this crucial aspect of mental development' (basic logic) to a 'backward culture'?
4. Are those from communist or former communist states any more or less endowed with critical thinking skills than those of capitalist democracies?
5. Regardless, how much can be attributed to pedagogy given that according to a definition analysis by Kompf & Bond (2001) from that same Wikipedia entry, critical thinking incorporates a set of taught skills:
Quote:
...critical thinking involves problem solving, decision making, metacognition, rationality, rational thinking, reasoning, knowledge, intelligence and also a moral component such as reflective thinking. Critical thinkers therefore need to have reached a level of maturity in their development, possess a certain attitude as well as a set of taught skills.
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Sashadroogie



Joined: 17 Apr 2007
Posts: 11061
Location: Moskva, The Workers' Paradise

PostPosted: Fri Jan 31, 2014 6:54 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

As we've said many, many times before here on the boards, there isn't even a single accepted definition of what is meant by 'critical thinking skills'. Most authorities will use it to mean discerning a truth statement from an unsupported one. Others use it to mean clarifying their 'thinking about thinking'. There is quite a range of subtle differences, even amongst knowledgeable thinkers.

The link to the IELTS band 9 descriptors [Task 1 only, by the way], however, has little overt connection to the wiki link on critical thinking skills. What connection are you trying to make between them? (Also, where did you get this descriptor? It is not the same as the publicly available descriptors.) All (hee hee) candidates have to do in an academic Task 1 is to write a report accurately based on selected data, with writing that is logically organised, and doesn't make mad assertions unsupported by the given data. There is in this strong connection to what Johnslat is driving at. But this IELTS task doesn't test learners ability to 'reason'. (And this is what many posters seem to think it means.) It does test their ability to present their thoughts and ideas in a logical manner consistent with the norms of anglophone academia. And that is all.

Suggesting that Arabic or Chinese norms, for example, are somehow less logical because they are based on different conventions is the main problem I have with those who push 'critical thinking' skills. Some ignorant TEFLers chauvinistically assume that English/European academic conventions are the last word in cold universal logic. This is patently not the case at all.

Perhaps if they used their own meagre abilities to reason just a little bit more, then they wouldn't be so quick to think they need to 'educate' the rest of the world 'how to think'.

Anyway, in a quick reply to your listed questions, Longshikong, please see below:

1. Critical thinking skills, as defined by Johnslat, are needed more for IELTS Reading tests than writing. But learner awareness of cohesion and coherence is important for all skills.

2.Yes, they do differ. Most educated learners can express themselves logically in their own language. Where they fall down using English is nearly always related to a lack of language, especially in discourse management, i.e. connectors etc. For IELTS essay writing, learners need to acquire skillful use of English language discourse markers. They do not need to be taught how to be logical generally. At least, no more than their teachers do.

3. Yes, it is. Extremely presumptuous. given that the majority of TEFLers abroad only have a passing acquaintance with the L1 of their host country, they really need to button up on sweeping generalisations about their students' inability to think. Generalisations such as these would fail their own critical thinking tests of truth statements in the first place!

4.Do you really have to ask? Look at the massive evidence on just this very forum. The clear winner is always the specialist in dialectical materialism.

5. Didn't really get what you were talking about here. Have I failed to demonstrate my ability to 'reason' or have you?

Embarassed

Arrgghh! This is thirsty work. Almost time for my 10:55 constitutional!!!
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Cool Teacher



Joined: 18 May 2009
Posts: 930
Location: Here, There and Everywhere! :D

PostPosted: Fri Jan 31, 2014 9:18 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Sashadroogie wrote:
Arrgghh! This is thirsty work. Almost time for my 10:55 constitutional!!!


Be carefull the Lancet discovered that many Rusians die before 55 because of vokda. Shocked

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-25961063
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mk87



Joined: 01 Apr 2013
Posts: 61

PostPosted: Fri Jan 31, 2014 1:00 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Sashadroogie wrote:
Suggesting that Arabic or Chinese norms, for example, are somehow less logical because they are based on different conventions is the main problem I have with those who push 'critical thinking' skills. Some ignorant TEFLers chauvinistically assume that English/European academic conventions are the last word in cold universal logic. This is patently not the case at all.

Perhaps if they used their own meagre abilities to reason just a little bit more, then they wouldn't be so quick to think they need to 'educate' the rest of the world 'how to think'.


And this seems to be the core of it. You think that critical thinking through english teaching is essentially cultural imperialism. I have a lot of sympathy with that point... but I think if you simply stop there it doesnt actually ive us anything useful - and I dont think its really that representative of serious critical though, certainley most critical though would suggest that logic is simply a cultural thing.. but to that later.

You could totally argue the same about language teaching. Somehow that in teaching language to people who might not actually "want " to learn it that you are engaging in cultural imperailsim (I think its an interesting debate but lets not go there quite yet). You might argue "But my job is to teach english" and that is again a fair point, but there are plenty of english teachers (and for better or worse its a growing trend) who are being employed and expected to not simply teach words and grammar but to prepare students for life in the world that is governed by English, much of this involves learning how to operate in other ways than thier primary culture. Part of my schools objectives (and one of the reasons they are so popular in the country) is because they are offering more than that - Now I have my own thoughts about that and what my school does and doesnt do but thats not really the issue - but it does make clear that I really dont think the marketisation of "western thought" is a good or economically viable idea so I'm not calling for English to be laced with critical thought as some kind of business model. For me its about giving the students the power to work in that world and to then go out and change it so that they can bring thier culture into it also.

Its undoubtably true that there are many english teachers who see themselves like you describe but again I dont think that means we should just say "anything they say thy do must be bad"....How you describe their attitude is pretty much the polar opposite of critical thought. I mean I don't know any serious critical theorist who would argue that western universalism is "fact"...maybe Zizek would come close but even then he quite obviously says that other cultures have arrived at the same thing through different processes.

I just think that most modern anti imperialist/ colonialist education literature suggests that implying that these "arabic or chinese" beliefs as right or wrong is kind of missing the point...if one is wrong the other must be right vice versa....but more that we have to understand these things as power relationships not as monolithic structures.
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Sashadroogie



Joined: 17 Apr 2007
Posts: 11061
Location: Moskva, The Workers' Paradise

PostPosted: Fri Jan 31, 2014 1:16 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Cool Teacher wrote:
Sashadroogie wrote:
Arrgghh! This is thirsty work. Almost time for my 10:55 constitutional!!!


Be carefull the Lancet discovered that many Rusians die before 55 because of vokda. Shocked

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-25961063


Jeez! Those boys at Lancet are really on the ball! Very Happy
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LongShiKong



Joined: 28 May 2007
Posts: 1082
Location: China

PostPosted: Fri Jan 31, 2014 4:03 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Sashadroogie wrote:
As we've said many, many times before here on the boards, there isn't even a single accepted definition of what is meant by 'critical thinking skills'.


That's not surprising seeing that there's little anyone here agrees on. Furthermore, if there is disagreement about what critical thinking skills entail, it's certainly not being discussed on Wikipedia's entry nor talk page, nor in texts on the subject, as far as I'm aware.

Quote:
But this IELTS task doesn't test learners ability to 'reason'. (And this is what many posters seem to think it means.) It does test their ability to present their thoughts and ideas in a logical manner consistent with the norms of anglophone academia. And that is all.


I guess it all depends on who chooses the topic? You know more about these tests than I do but if a student is simply asked to pick a topic and argue a point, they're likely to rehash a point of view they're familiar with. But even then, does it not take a bit of critical thinking to, for example come up with additional supportive points the student may not already be familiar with just to fulfill length requirements, or can they get away with the most flawed logic as long as it's cohesive and coherent?

Quote:
Suggesting that Arabic or Chinese norms, for example, are somehow less logical because they are based on different conventions is the main problem I have with those who push 'critical thinking' skills.


And would those less logical norms be the very pedagogical practices their respective countries consider inconsistent with the needs of a burgeoning professional class that needs more than rote memorization skills?

Quote:
2.Yes, they do differ. Most educated learners can express themselves logically in their own language. Where they fall down using English is nearly always related to a lack of language, especially in discourse management, i.e. connectors etc.


Ever hear someone with limited language complain about something? They certainly don't need the discourse management to get their point across.

Quote:
3. Yes, it is. Extremely presumptuous. given that the majority of TEFLers abroad only have a passing acquaintance with the L1 of their host country, they really need to button up on sweeping generalisations.


I think it's extremely presumptuous of you to assume that just because someone says something ridiculous in English means they simply lack the discourse management, the connectives or whatever. Do members of this forum make sweeping generalizations about people based on awkward utterances from nervous beginners, interlanguage, or other inaccuracies? I think not.

Quote:
5. Didn't really get what you were talking about here. Have I failed to demonstrate my ability to 'reason' or have you?


Of course you didn't as you obviously don't think critical thinking skills are something that can or should be taught by TEFLers and for the most part, I tend to agree with you, at least up to intermediate. Beyond that, neither you nor Johnslat have made a convincing case.

I personally think metacognitive skills, 'habits of mind', and effective personal study habits are far more important to teach students and starting at much lower levels and perhaps using L1.
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Sashadroogie



Joined: 17 Apr 2007
Posts: 11061
Location: Moskva, The Workers' Paradise

PostPosted: Fri Jan 31, 2014 4:32 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Sorry. That was a struggle to read. Would only garner an IELTS 6.5 - 7 tops.

Time for my 20:33 constitutional : )
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johnslat



Joined: 21 Jan 2003
Posts: 13859
Location: Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA

PostPosted: Fri Jan 31, 2014 5:30 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Dear Sasha,

"Most educated learners can express themselves logically in their own language."

Clearly, you have never heard of the Republican Party.

"On average, self-identified Republicans have more years of education (4 to 8 months each, depending on the survey) and are probably more likely to hold, at the least, a 4-year college degree. (One major survey indicates that they are more likely, while the results of another survey are statistically insignificant.)"

Regards,
John
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Sashadroogie



Joined: 17 Apr 2007
Posts: 11061
Location: Moskva, The Workers' Paradise

PostPosted: Fri Jan 31, 2014 6:26 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Dear Johnslat

Perhaps you could volunteer your skills to teach them critical thinking skills then? And teach logic and rhetoric too. Bush II didn't exactly shine in that regard, did he?

And while we are just throwing ideas out there, perhaps a critical reading of various religious texts that are taken so, so seriously by these types might be a good idea? We could hold them up against classics of logical exposition like... oh I dunno, "The Origin of Species".

Sound like a good plan? : )


Best wishes

Sasha
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Sashadroogie



Joined: 17 Apr 2007
Posts: 11061
Location: Moskva, The Workers' Paradise

PostPosted: Fri Jan 31, 2014 6:46 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Phew! At last! 22:45 has rolled around! Now I can get some proper liquid nourishment : )
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johnslat



Joined: 21 Jan 2003
Posts: 13859
Location: Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA

PostPosted: Fri Jan 31, 2014 8:30 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Dear Sasha.

"You can't fix stupid."

"Beauty fades, but dumb is forever."

"Against stupidity, the gods themselves contend in vain."

Even I'M not THAT good.

http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-wYvQP8yvTBg/UCxn8LBPFlI/AAAAAAAADRs/yx8Se11wpjI/s640/YOU%2BCAN'T%2BFIX%2BSTUPID.png

Regards,
John
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Sashadroogie



Joined: 17 Apr 2007
Posts: 11061
Location: Moskva, The Workers' Paradise

PostPosted: Sat Feb 01, 2014 10:14 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Dear Johnslat

Now, to return to my contention, teaching EFL and 'critical thinking' skills do not really go together as neatly as others may believe. Your case of the right-wing faction of the only party in the US is a good example. While Republicans may or may not be stupid or lacking in critical thinking skills, I would doubt an EFL language course would be an appropriate remedy. If they cannot reason logically, then language lessons won't really help. Even for Bush II.

It is similar to expecting EFL lessons to create more 'logically minded' foreigners. It rests on the same flawed premise, though. Namely, that we somehow 'think' in English, our whatever our native tongue is.


Best wishes

Sasha
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Cool Teacher



Joined: 18 May 2009
Posts: 930
Location: Here, There and Everywhere! :D

PostPosted: Sun Feb 02, 2014 3:39 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Sashadroogie wrote:
Cool Teacher wrote:
Sashadroogie wrote:
Arrgghh! This is thirsty work. Almost time for my 10:55 constitutional!!!


Be carefull the Lancet discovered that many Rusians die before 55 because of vokda. Shocked

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-25961063


Jeez! Those boys at Lancet are really on the ball! Very Happy


Ha ha! I know what you mean I mean how many people did not know Russians drink??? Laughing Laughing Laughing
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Sashadroogie



Joined: 17 Apr 2007
Posts: 11061
Location: Moskva, The Workers' Paradise

PostPosted: Sun Feb 02, 2014 12:45 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Of course, it is all a medical conspiracy to begin with. Can't trust any of these medical types. That is why I stick with leeches. And they stick to me.
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fat_chris



Joined: 10 Sep 2003
Posts: 3198
Location: Beijing

PostPosted: Sun Feb 02, 2014 3:29 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Sashadroogie wrote:
Of course, it is all a medical conspiracy to begin with. Can't trust any of these medical types. That is why I stick with leeches. And they stick to me.


I like your stick-to-itiveness!

Cool

Warm regards,
fat_chris
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