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What's a Japanese contract worth?
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Keith_Alan_W



Joined: 26 Mar 2006
Posts: 121

PostPosted: Tue Apr 04, 2006 3:40 pm    Post subject: What's a Japanese contract worth? Reply with quote

In the book "When Cultures Collide" it states:

"They respect oral contracts and the spirit in which they were made. They wish to renegotiate if market or other conditions have changed."

If this is true? Then what is a written contract actually worth in Japan?

In my experience, neither is worth much.
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seanmcginty



Joined: 27 Sep 2005
Posts: 203

PostPosted: Tue Apr 04, 2006 5:48 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

What kind of contract did you have?
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DarkMagus



Joined: 21 Mar 2006
Posts: 30
Location: Manchester, NH

PostPosted: Tue Apr 04, 2006 5:53 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

So what's this thread all about? Unnecessary NEGATIVITY related to how eikiawas will SCREW YOU OVER ?!

I'm going. I'm signing the proper paperwork. I'll do my job. I'll get paid. Why wouldn't it work?

Are you suggesting that the Japanese are total sociopaths? Like they'd play a real nasty trick on you and everyone else headed there to teach English. That you JUST CAN'T TRUST ANYTHING ABOUT THEM AND THEIR "CONTRACTS" (VERBAL OR WRITTEN)?
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angrysoba



Joined: 20 Jan 2006
Posts: 446
Location: Kansai, Japan

PostPosted: Tue Apr 04, 2006 6:04 pm    Post subject: Re: What's a Japanese contract worth? Reply with quote

Keith_Alan_W wrote:
In the book "When Cultures Collide" it states:

"They respect oral contracts and the spirit in which they were made. They wish to renegotiate if market or other conditions have changed."

If this is true? Then what is a written contract actually worth in Japan?

In my experience, neither is worth much.


Legally, I very much doubt you can hold an eikaiwa school to an oral contract. As for written contracts, you don't have alot of leeway if you are working illegally.

Did you get a contract from any other schools?

Also, I don't trust sentences about foreign cultures that are expressed "THEY respect oral contracts..." as it's more than a slight overgeneralization. However, in my experience, I think that it is emphasising the importance of being true to your word. Often this means in practice that it is difficult to get firm commitments out of people. This doesn't always apply with more unscrupulous bosses, that book won't stand up in court for you.
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PAULH



Joined: 28 Jan 2003
Posts: 4672
Location: Western Japan

PostPosted: Tue Apr 04, 2006 8:25 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

DarkMagus wrote:
So what's this thread all about? Unnecessary NEGATIVITY related to how eikiawas will SCREW YOU OVER ?!

I'm going. I'm signing the proper paperwork. I'll do my job. I'll get paid. Why wouldn't it work?

Are you suggesting that the Japanese are total sociopaths? Like they'd play a real nasty trick on you and everyone else headed there to teach English. That you JUST CAN'T TRUST ANYTHING ABOUT THEM AND THEIR "CONTRACTS" (VERBAL OR WRITTEN)?



virtually any contract you sign over here will have illegal and invalid clauses in it. Just because its in a written contract it doesnt mean you have to obey an illegal clause.

The contract is a requirement by immigration so the employer can sponsor your visa. You are only required to obet clauses in a contract that are legal under the labor standards law.

This does not mean you can contest or nitpick a contract at the interview ror hiring stage or they will show you the door.Contracts here are "take it or leave it" and are non-negotiable. You can sign the contract and then once you are hired ignore any illegal clauses as they cant make you obey them. the trick is knowing which ones are illegal or not.


Quote:
I'm going. I'm signing the proper paperwork. I'll do my job. I'll get paid. Why wouldn't it work?


How do you know what is "proper"? How do you know what you are signing is "legal" under labor laws here? Which ones can you challenge in court? Can they forbid you teaching privates? Can they say you cant work for some other school while sponsored by them? Can they make you attend christmas parties and not pay you? How do you know your salary is 'fair'?

You are signing it because you want a job and a paycheck, not because it's the best job for you.

If you teach your classes, be punctual and dont rockt he boat you get paid like clockwork. They like people who wont casue trouble for them. Keep your nose clean and you wont have trouble.


Quote:
Are you suggesting that the Japanese are total sociopaths? Like they'd play a real nasty trick on you and everyone else headed there to teach English. That you JUST CAN'T TRUST ANYTHING ABOUT THEM AND THEIR "CONTRACTS" (VERBAL OR WRITTEN)?



Who are 'them'? You are dealing with individuals. "The Japanese" are all different and like Americans they come in all shapes and sizes. Some are good, some are OK, some are terrible and you shouldnt just assume they are just one glutinous mass. They are people. Its a bit like saying ALL Americans are overweight, vote Republican and like ice cream.


Overgeneralisation here. Making you sign a contract is about CONTROL. They want to make you do things their way, even if what they ask is unjustifiable and unenforceable. Happens all the time here. You obey them as you dont want to rock the boat and 'it's in the contract'. If you are not careful you get legally castrated.

Its not about TRUST. Its about whats LEGAL. There is no reason you should trust them, they are not your friends. Its a business relationship. Signing a contract is an agreement to work for them under certan conditions as long as those conditions are fair, legal and above board. If you dont know what is fair legal and above board in japan you only have yourself to blame. Simply trusting your employer to do the right thing by you is naive.

Verbal contracts are not worth anything here. It would stand up in court as evidence or in a negatiation. They will simply say you misunderstood them.

Should you sign the contract? Only if you know its the best deal you can get , the contract has no or few illegal clause in it. The contract is signed by both parties. I will also tell you that employers here change contracts after you sign them (illegal) or simply ignore some clauses all together when it suits them. What do you do about it? Nothing usually.

Chances are you will sign because you want a job, not because you know what you are signing and whether its legal or valid or not.
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Keith_Alan_W



Joined: 26 Mar 2006
Posts: 121

PostPosted: Wed Apr 05, 2006 2:32 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

PAULH wrote:
I will also tell you that employers here change contracts after you sign them (illegal) or simply ignore some clauses all together when it suits them. What do you do about it? Nothing usually.


This is exactly the type of thing I was originally posting about. I.E. contracts will be changed whenever it suites the Japanese party.
So I guess my question has been answered. The quote is true, and you can't 'trust' (in the Western sense) a Japanese contract.

In the West, if 2 parties sign a contract and one of the parties has a change in their financial situation for example, it's tough luck for the one having money problems. In Japan, apparently, this would constitute a change in the 'spirit' or conditions under the party with money trouble had originally signed, so they'd just back out and the other side would understand. If a Japanese English school backs out, as GES did with me, then the Westerner is liable to react with anger and harsh words (as I did) and be totally confused and untrusting of Japanese people in general.

IMPORTANT QUESTIONS:

1) Can an English school legally not allow you to work for another firm in your free time?

2) Can an English school legally require you to do things like handing out flyers and other promotions outside of teaching?

3) Can an English school legally require that you not interact with students outside of the classroom?

4) And can an English school place any restrictions or requirements on what you can do in your free time?


Last edited by Keith_Alan_W on Wed Apr 05, 2006 3:00 am; edited 1 time in total
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PAULH



Joined: 28 Jan 2003
Posts: 4672
Location: Western Japan

PostPosted: Wed Apr 05, 2006 2:48 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Keith_Alan_W wrote:

In the West, if 2 parties sign a contract and one of the parties has a change in their financial situation for example, it's tough luck for the one having money problems. In Japan, apparently, this would constitute a change in the 'spirit7 or conditions under the party with money trouble had originally signed, so they'd just back out and the other side would understand. If a Japanese English school backs out, as GES did with me, then the Westerner is liable to react with anger and harsh words (as I did) and be totally confused and untrusting of Japanese people in general.


Keith, a couple of points here.

a contract is a requirement of immigration. You came on a tourist visa and signed a work contract. this by itself makes the contract invalid. the contract itself is meaning less and unenforceable unless you have a valid work visa. Your jumping up and down and screaming at them is pointless.
If you had a work visa, then you can go to a union or the Labor Office ane complain, and file a law suit. In your case, you are impotent.


To answer your question.:

If you sign a contract, and then the employer moves the goalposts, changes the wording then its no longer the original contract. Under Japanese law they have to pay your airfare back to Germany. thats the LAW. In your case they dont have to do anything as you are here ILLEGALLY.



[quote]IMPORTANT QUESTIONS:
Can an English school legally not allow you to work for another firm in your free time?

NO. as long as your other job doesnt interfere with your main job and you dont poach students thats fine. working at another school while sponsored by your school is LEGAL in Japan.



Can an English school legally require you to do things like handing out flyers and other promotions outside of teaching?

YES, as long as it is job related. Being a language teacher means being employed to teach and promote school business. teaching is not just about having your butt in a chair teaching lessons. You are being paid to promote your employers business, within reason. PRIVATE ERRANDS for the boss are not admissible.


Can an English school legally require that you not interact with students outside of the classroom?

NO, schools can not dictate who you meet outside work hours. that said, many teachers here use their jobs as a dating service to meet and pick up women. theres a fine line here between free right of association and using your job for purposes its not intended

It can end up stalking or sexual harassment of students



Quote:
And can an English school place any restrictions or requirements on what you can do in your free time?



NO as long as what you do does not affect your work performance. Turning up to work drunk, hungover or stoned after a night out is not allowed. Racing to work straight from the airport after a trip overseas is not a good idea. If your actions get you into trouble with the police, or you bring discredit on your employer/ sponsor, DUI. creating a public disturbance.


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Keith_Alan_W



Joined: 26 Mar 2006
Posts: 121

PostPosted: Wed Apr 05, 2006 3:09 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

PAULH wrote:
You came on a tourist visa and signed a work contract. this by itself makes the contract invalid. In your case they dont have to do anything as you are here ILLEGALLY.


Paul:

First, I signed the contract in GERMANY, not after I arrived here. Second, I sent all the required documentation including passport photo to the school in Japan a month before I left Germany (as the school requested) Third, in most countries, comming on a tourist visa with the intention of CHANGING IT to a WORKING VISA is NOT A PROBLEM. So I thought the same would be true here (the school told me this as well.) Fourth, when I became concerned about entering Japan with a tourist visa while actually arriving for work, the school told me that everything was ready and I'd have my visa the momet I got to the school. (This was a fla-out lie. I should have done more research instead of trusting a school in Japan, THAT is the ONLY thing I did wrong!)


Last edited by Keith_Alan_W on Wed Apr 05, 2006 5:06 am; edited 2 times in total
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PAULH



Joined: 28 Jan 2003
Posts: 4672
Location: Western Japan

PostPosted: Wed Apr 05, 2006 3:21 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Keith_Alan_W wrote:

First, I signed the contract in GERMANY, not after I arrived here. Second, I sent all the required documentation including passport photo to the school in Japan a month before I left Germany (as the school requested) Thirid, in most countries, comming on a tourist visa with the intention of CHANGING IT to a WORKING VISA is NOT A PROBLEM. So I thought the same would be true here (the school told me this as well.) Fourth, when I became concerned about entering Japan with a tourist visa while actually arriving for work, the school told me that everything was ready and I'd have my visa the momet I got to the school. (This was a fla-out lie. I should have done more research instead of trusting a school in Japan, THAT is the ONLY thing I did wrong!)


Maybe you should have got the school to sponsor your visa while you were in Germany. It would take 6-8 weeks to process your visa.

You can come here on a tourist visa but you are not allowed to work. You can make all the justifications and excuses you want but you still werent entitled to work here. The school can not get you a visa which is a stamp in your pasport. you have to get COE sent to you by immigration.

You can not expect much sympathy from immigration, the police or unions with no work permit and you get shat on.


If you were to say to immigration at the airport you were coming for a job on a tourist visa they would put you on a plane back to your point of origin.

the visa comes FIRST. Anything else comes second and you dont seem to appreciate that.

Yes, you were trusting and gullible. They lied to you. Deal with it.
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kitano



Joined: 18 Nov 2004
Posts: 86

PostPosted: Wed Apr 05, 2006 3:28 am    Post subject: rule of law Reply with quote

I think many westerners mistakenly assume there is rule of law in Japan or at least overemphasize its existence because there are all the trappings of the rule of law ie: written laws, courts, lawyers etc. However I think there is a competing value system which is based on status heirarchy. Don`t take my word for it but just think through your interactions in Japan and things you read about in Japanese society and you will think `Naruhodo, Naruhodo, Naruhodo!`

In your case you think there is an agreement between two equal parties. Not so! Reanalyze. You are a peon potential employee and a foreigner ta boot. Your status is zilch. They are a registered company and Japanese. This means they can change anything they like whenever they like and you can`t, those are the rules. Makes a little more sense that way doesn`t it. You think they break their word so easily with government ministries or their bank? No of course not, why? because the bank and the government have a higher status not because of any rule, law, agreement, or contract.
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PAULH



Joined: 28 Jan 2003
Posts: 4672
Location: Western Japan

PostPosted: Wed Apr 05, 2006 3:39 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Keith,


Just as a point of note:

I signed a contract with my university to teach classes at university. So far no problems. At the same time a dozen of my colleagues have had the goalposts moved on them, the contract changed and altered beyond recognition. It has resulted in five teachers being summarily fired and many others their livelihoods threatened. the university has lied to them and has refused to listen to protests and now the university is defending itself in court. It si acting that way because it is a big rich private university with a fat cat board of directors, fighting against five foreign teachers. These are people who are full time. Masters degrees and many of them have families. The university says they signed a five year contract and thats the end of it. their particular position is being abolished, with no right of renewal and work given to other lower aid teachers for no extra pay.

The general union is using every law at its disposal and is making the university look incredibly stupid in the process. I participated in alegal strike against the school last year to protest the schools actions and I lost my job as a result.

The point being; universities and employers dont respect contracts unless it suits their purposes and they act with impunity. You have to actually take the bull by the horns and stand up for your legal rights. 90% of teachers here would rather quit than fight as its too expensive, too time consuming and they dont plan to stay there anyway.

A school or employer is only required to do what it must BY LAW and you can NOT make it do anything else, even by agreement. Oral contracts are worthless, and so are illegal clauses in contracts. Once you know what you rights are you have power, but not when you are on a tourist visa and have no rights here.

You are putting too much faith in the written word of the contract here. These are not written in stone and can be challenged. You are a big-shot ESL teacher but as pointed out above, have no legal work rights in this country. Your status in Germany or self worth as an educator is worthless here. You are an employee first and foremost, cap in hand for a salary.
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gaijinalways



Joined: 29 Nov 2005
Posts: 2279

PostPosted: Wed Apr 05, 2006 4:37 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Quote:
Oral contracts are worthless, and so are illegal clauses in contracts. Once you know what you rights are you have power, but not when you are on a tourist visa and have no rights here.


Very true, you need to be legally employed here first. I brought a complaint aganist a company here and collected almost a million yen. The judge in the labor arbitration hearing kept referring to the company's contract as a 'dirty' contract, a contract with a lot of vague wording, which unscrupulous companies try to interpret to their advantage. Luckily the Japanese law was clearly on my side and the judge saw the case as pretty open and shut, threatening to make a lot of problems for the school, instigating a movement to lift their license, etc, if they didn't settle with me pretty quick. Sueing in regular court probably wouldn't have been an option, as far as returning any money to me (the lawyer would have taken pretty much all of it even if I won).

Since I already setttled this case, I am not at liberty to say which company it was, but I can say it's affiliated with a large language school and they specialize in sending people abroad to study (the subsidiary, that is).

Coming here without a visa was a mistake, but just make the best of and grab something else. A lot of the employers here are not that trustworthy (in my opinion, based on my dealings Rolling Eyes ), but don't worry, hang in there.

By the way, which school is it (just so we'll know to avoid it)?


Last edited by gaijinalways on Wed Apr 05, 2006 4:46 am; edited 1 time in total
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PAULH



Joined: 28 Jan 2003
Posts: 4672
Location: Western Japan

PostPosted: Wed Apr 05, 2006 4:40 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

gaijinalways wrote:

By the way, which school is it (just so we'll know to avoid it)?


Give you a hint.

Lady Diana's boyfriend Dodi Fayed stayed at its name sake in Paris.

Rits........kan.

http://www.generalunion.org/rits/

http://www.debito.org/ritsumeikan.html
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PAULH



Joined: 28 Jan 2003
Posts: 4672
Location: Western Japan

PostPosted: Wed Apr 05, 2006 5:26 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Just in case you dont know a former teacher at NOVA, Kara Harris just sued NOVA for unfair dismissal, and harassment by her employers. She has just won a judgement for seven million yen against NOVA.

Shows what you can do if you stand up for yourself and the law is on your side.
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Keith_Alan_W



Joined: 26 Mar 2006
Posts: 121

PostPosted: Wed Apr 05, 2006 5:48 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

PaulH:
"If you were to say to immigration at the airport you were coming for a job on a tourist visa they would put you on a plane back to your point of origin."

Stupidly, I told them I was coming to work here when I got off the plane without a visa. They still let me through. perhaps I was just lucky. (Or perhaps I would have been luckier to have been deported given the situation I am in now and how much money it has cost me.)

gaijinalways:

Might that company have been English First???? Sounds like them.


Well I just got off the phone with the immigration office in Osaka. I asked them about the rules of changing from a tourist to a working visa. Here's what they told me.

1) You need a Certificate of Eligibility first.
2) It takes 2 - 3 months to get the COE if you're already in Japan.
3) If your tourist visa expires before the COE is received, you must leave the country.
4) If you get the COE, then you can stay while the work visa is being processed.
5) Until you have the actual work visa in your passport, you can not work!
6)Stories told by English schools about being able to work while you wait for the COE or Work Visa are lies.
7) If you work while you are waiting for the COE or Work Visa, you are illegal and will be deported if caught!

Given the number of schools that have offered me employment while I wait for the proper visa, and the amount of teachers I have met working while they wait for their visa, it is obviously the case that the Schools here are criminal organizations and that the immigration office turns a blind eye to this situation.

Since I know for a fact that GES (Global Language School, the company that conned me into coming here) has teachers working while they wait, I feel like calling the immigration office back and reporting them.
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