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leosmith
Joined: 25 May 2007 Posts: 54
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Posted: Sun Aug 12, 2007 5:58 pm Post subject: "so" at the start of a sentence |
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I know this isn't the right place to ask this, but is it ok to start a sentence with "so"? Also, can you point me to the right place for grammar questions?
Thanks! |
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gaijinalways
Joined: 29 Nov 2005 Posts: 2279
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Posted: Sun Aug 12, 2007 6:33 pm Post subject: |
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In casual N. American English conversation it's not that unusual, especially if you're surprised by another speaker's statement and may be attempting to change the topic or clarify a previous statement made by another speaker. |
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zorro (3)
Joined: 19 Dec 2006 Posts: 202
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Posted: Sun Aug 12, 2007 10:36 pm Post subject: |
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Can you not begin a sentence with so when you are summarising or qualifying what you have previously said?
The new Ford is a great car with bags of potential for a family with lots of kids. So, if you need a great car with.....
http://www.collins.co.uk/Corpus/CorpusSearch.aspx
Type in so and you will see many examples of so at the beginning of a sentence. |
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Angelfish
Joined: 18 Jan 2006 Posts: 131
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Posted: Mon Aug 13, 2007 5:47 am Post subject: |
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I think it's also used kind of as an exclamation. Just follow it with a comma like any other exclamation.
So, what did you do this weekend?
So, I went to the beach the other day and blah blah blah... |
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jotham
Joined: 05 Jul 2007 Posts: 77
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Posted: Mon Aug 13, 2007 11:31 am Post subject: |
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Yes, you can start a sentence with so. I've heard a lot of uninformed advice bandied about that would caution writers against starting sentences with and or but, but I had never heard anything about so.
Some ignorant teachers picked it from somewhere and propagate it, but the professionals don't. These well-meaning teachers probably noticed that children, and other beginners, have problems effectively starting sentences with these words � a lot can go awry.
I quote myself concerning and and but on another forum:
http://forums.eslcafe.com/teacher/viewtopic.php?t=7480&postdays=0&postorder=asc&start=45
Quote: |
The rule you stated above does not exist today among grammarians. It may have been a rule in the 1800s � but I doubt that it was a rule anytime. Today, it is definitely a myth that grammarians equally criticize. (They've never espoused it from what I know.) Bryan Garner says that and or but begins around 8.75% of the sentences written by "first-rate writers," and the same figure for reputable magazines. Charles Allen Lloyd says "As in the case of the superstition about the prepositional ending, no textbook supports it, but apparently about half of our teachers of English go out of their way to handicap their pupils by inculcating it." That was 1934; but these days, those teachers are definitely fewer if not extinct. Nothing gets past you, and you astutely saw the inconsistency that grammarians have long talked and written about.
One reason the rule may have come about is because of unthinking teachers who tried to encourage junior-high or high-school students to combine thoughts in a coherent sentence instead of little choppy sentences � which is a noble lesson. But as this and the next sentence illustrate, we should never say never, concerning initial conjunctions. And we might do well to avoid always as well.
Linguists should familiarize themselves with what exactly mainstream grammarians believe or teach. Too many linguists are uninformed about these things and then use these examples incorrectly as an argument to bolster their assertions about grammarians. Garner lists eleven of these superstitions, which are commonly, but falsely, imputed to grammarians. |
You can go to this forum, which I participate in, for grammar questions.
http://forums.eslcafe.com/teacher/viewforum.php?f=3 |
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leosmith
Joined: 25 May 2007 Posts: 54
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Posted: Mon Aug 13, 2007 5:48 pm Post subject: |
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Thanks jotham! |
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Henry_Cowell

Joined: 27 May 2005 Posts: 3352 Location: Berkeley
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Posted: Mon Aug 13, 2007 9:35 pm Post subject: |
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FANBOYS
So it's okay after all!! |
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Kilgore Trout
Joined: 18 Jul 2007 Posts: 27 Location: Japan
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Posted: Mon Aug 20, 2007 3:55 am Post subject: What a crock! |
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FANBOYS is simply a mnemonic device to remember coordinating conjunctions with. It proves nothing regarding the usage of a coordinating conjunction at the beginning of a sentence.
The use of coordinating conjunctions is simply ruled by the use of ACADEMIC English versus creative, journalistic or conversational usage.
The answer is that in academic English it is not acceptable to begin a sentence with a coordinating conjunction, and I can give you umpteen resources to refer to for reference if I thought anyone would actually look.
In all other forms of English, apparently even legal speak (the language of law), the rule does not apply.
I have two degrees in Linguistics and have taught this basic rule at 3 universities in composition as well as research writing classes, so I hope this at least gives me a little credibility with all the pseudo-experts.
I hope this ends the debate, but I am certain there is someone with an uninformed opinion to revive what should be a dead issue. |
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jotham
Joined: 05 Jul 2007 Posts: 77
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Posted: Mon Aug 20, 2007 10:37 am Post subject: |
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Could you give me some of your references on that? I'm not challenging it; I just never heard anyone say this before � especially someone in a linguist circle. Most linguists I know blame the grammarians for this rule. But the grammarians criticize the rule as well � at least American ones. (By the way, I'm on the prescriptive grammarian side of the divide.) Could this be a British-American difference?
This probably isn't the proper forum to continue this discussion. Would you mind bringing this up on the Applied Linguistics forum? (I think separate registration is necessary.)
http://forums.eslcafe.com/teacher/viewforum.php?f=3
Last edited by jotham on Mon Aug 20, 2007 3:51 pm; edited 1 time in total |
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Henry_Cowell

Joined: 27 May 2005 Posts: 3352 Location: Berkeley
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Posted: Mon Aug 20, 2007 1:21 pm Post subject: Re: What a crock! |
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Kilgore Trout wrote: |
FANBOYS is simply a mnemonic device to remember coordinating conjunctions with. It proves nothing regarding the usage of a coordinating conjunction at the beginning of a sentence. |
Wrong, fishie. There is nothing in the definition of coordinating conjunctions that says one cannot use them to start a sentence.
Advanced linguistic training is no advantage on such an elementary point.  |
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Kilgore Trout
Joined: 18 Jul 2007 Posts: 27 Location: Japan
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Posted: Mon Aug 20, 2007 10:38 pm Post subject: |
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Analyzing English Grammar, Second Edition, Thomas P. Klammer and Muriel Shultz (would you like the rest?)
"Coordinators join grammatical structures of similar form, transforming them into a single grammatical unit. They join words . . . When single words or phrases are joined, the result is a phrase. When two sentences are joined by coordinating conjunctions, the result is a compound sentence". (Need a page number?)
Yes, there are others, but I have wasted enough of my time already.
Tell me Henry, where does it explicitly say to use a coordinate conjunction at the beginning of a sentence?
Did you look beyond Google?
I think that is a choice you made for yourself based on a limited search, and it goes against academic convention. However, that is an issue which appears to be at the root of the problem.
I would look up join in the dictionary for you, but I will leave that for you.
While it does not directly say one may not use a coordinate conjunction to begin a sentence, I believe I understand the meaning of join well enough to infer the intent.
Actually, the ability to understand and infer may be more important than anything here. That all important Critical Thinking class is the source I normally use to arrive at these ideas.
Do not attack ideas with fallacy and attempt to debunk based upon useless evidence.
Thus, I refer to my previous post and repeat that FANBOYS has absolutely nothing to do with anything in this issue, or will you choose to ignore that again.
(YET) One more time, for you Henry, it is an ACADEMIC convention only to not begin a sentence with a coordinating conjunction.
(FOR) If you choose to do it, by all means do so, but remember it is more of a journalistic or creative device used to emphasize, which again infers it is not ACADEMIC when used to begin a sentence.
(BUT) I suppose you consider journalism to be academic in some fashion.
(SO) If you performed this little action on a paper in my class, I would ask you not to, and if you continued, I would takes points off until you got the message.
(AND) In fact, I think it shows true competence in writing to avoid such devices when the counterparts to coordinate conjunctions can be utilized just as easily. Would you like some examples, or is the (ahem) low road of never picking up a reference book your preference?
Believe me, I completely understand your attitude. Maybe you are one of my former students who did not listen or was it that you simply did not understand.
Now run out there and spread the word that according to Henry it is perfectly okay because Henry says so, and I am certain the world will follow you, believe you and annoint you the omnipotent source of all grammar, except for that pesky FANBOYS thing (whatever it meant).
Okay Henry, have at it but do not attack my education because you feel inferior in some way for it was not my intent to lord my education over anyone. In fact, I was simply stating my credentials, and in your fallacious thinking, you decided to attack from that perspective, which was clearly predictable.
How about a comma fight? I have plenty of reference TEXTS! |
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markle
Joined: 17 Jan 2003 Posts: 1316 Location: Out of Japan
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Posted: Mon Aug 20, 2007 11:10 pm Post subject: |
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Kilgore Trout wrote: |
it is an ACADEMIC convention only to not begin a sentence with a coordinating conjunction. |
so this whole conversation is becoming academic ( of only theoretical interest) |
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Kilgore Trout
Joined: 18 Jul 2007 Posts: 27 Location: Japan
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Posted: Tue Aug 21, 2007 12:05 am Post subject: |
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markle wrote: |
Kilgore Trout wrote: |
it is an ACADEMIC convention only to not begin a sentence with a coordinating conjunction. |
so this whole conversation is becoming academic ( of only theoretical interest) |
No, but it certainly contributes valuable information to the overall answer of the question since it is about writing, or at least it should.
Another reference*
The Grammar Bible Michael Strumpf and Auriel Douglas
and another from the opposite perspective
Beginning a Sentence with And or But
A frequently asked question about conjunctions is whether and or but can be used at the beginning of a sentence. This is what R.W. Burchfield has to say about this use of and:
There is a persistent belief that it is improper to begin a sentence with And, but this prohibition has been cheerfully ignored by standard authors from Anglo-Saxon times onwards. An initial And is a useful aid to writers as the narrative continues.
from The New Fowler's Modern English Usage
edited by R.W. Burchfield. Clarendon Press: Oxford, England. 1996.
Used with the permission of Oxford University Press.
The same is true with the conjunction but. A sentence beginning with and or but will tend to draw attention to itself and its transitional function. Writers should examine such sentences with two questions in mind: (1) would the sentence and paragraph function just as well without the initial conjunction? (2) should the sentence in question be connected to the previous sentence? If the initial conjunction still seems appropriate, use it.
Of course, the above only addresses two of the seven conjunctions, so we may be led to believe that others do not apply to this perspective.
I can only rely on my experience of being repeatedly criticized for the use of these words beginning sentences by a very good writing instructor during my university days.
I would never want to be accused of not supplying refuting evidence, though I still believe the above is more applicable to creative writing or journalism and not, for instance, theses or other academic papers (excluding many essay types of course).
In effect, no "Golden Rule" exists, so the academic versus "other" rule seems to take precedence, or so it would seem for now.
Finally, I have a Linguistics professor as a student and will ask him for his academically based opinion and post the answer here after I find out. |
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Henry_Cowell

Joined: 27 May 2005 Posts: 3352 Location: Berkeley
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Posted: Tue Aug 21, 2007 1:18 am Post subject: |
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This issue has been done to death. See, for example, the following thread:
http://forums.eslcafe.com/job/viewtopic.php?t=52732&postdays=0&postorder=asc&highlight=begin+sentence&start=0
The individual who wrote the following sentences is most definitely somebody to follow in terms of grammar advice.
Kilgore Trout wrote: |
Luckily for me, I have a small business with several privates, but I had changed my schedule around to accommodate these people, which they knew, and they seemed to think it was for any reason other me simply being nice to them.
This is not a large school, but it does have two (very unhappy) native speaking teachers, who until now, I could never figure out why (they) were so pissed at these people.
In addition, I replaced a woman who they told me they had fired, but who had, in fact quit because of similar financial issues, yet they lied to their students and told them she had been fired.
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G Cthulhu
Joined: 07 Feb 2003 Posts: 1373 Location: Way, way off course.
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Posted: Tue Aug 21, 2007 2:15 am Post subject: |
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Kilgore Trout wrote: |
Finally, I have a Linguistics professor as a student and will ask him for his academically based opinion and post the answer here after I find out. |
Never got around to any Wittgenstein when you were busy doing your two degrees, did you?  |
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