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English pronunciation
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geaaronson



Joined: 19 Apr 2005
Posts: 948
Location: Mexico City

PostPosted: Sun Jan 20, 2008 7:12 pm    Post subject: English pronunciation Reply with quote

I have been sometimes faulted by not emphasizing pronunciation in my classes as much as I should and so I have been making more of an effort to incorporate it.
I often have my students read out loud short essays and works of fiction and accordingly correct their pronunciation. I have also developed a short list of difficult words to pronounce ie. invulnerable, ad valorem tax, invincibility, etc. for my most advanced students. I also have a two page list of words whose spellings would indicate pronunciation other than first surmised. But somehow, I still have the feeling that I could do more. Has anyone compiled a list of difficult to pronounce words or seen such a list on the web? Dave`s ESL has only an advertisement for some audiotape when you click on pronunciation lessons from its menu.
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gypsygirl1475



Joined: 03 Dec 2007
Posts: 78

PostPosted: Sun Jan 20, 2008 10:19 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

This website might help.
http://esl.about.com/
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MO39



Joined: 28 Jan 2004
Posts: 1970
Location: El ombligo de la Rep�blica Mexicana

PostPosted: Sun Jan 20, 2008 11:46 pm    Post subject: Re: English pronunciation Reply with quote

geaaronson wrote:
I have been sometimes faulted by not emphasizing pronunciation in my classes as much as I should and so I have been making more of an effort to incorporate it.
I often have my students read out loud short essays and works of fiction and accordingly correct their pronunciation.


I'm not an expert on teaching pronunciation, but I do feel sure that reading aloud is not an effective method. It's a difficult skill that requires attention paid to meaning as well as phonetics. Think of how few people can read a speech well in their native tongue and not put their audience to sleep!
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spiral78



Joined: 05 Apr 2004
Posts: 11534
Location: On a Short Leash

PostPosted: Mon Jan 21, 2008 12:15 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

If you have internet access in your classroom, one way I've found that is effective for both vocab and pronunciation is to access short (4 minutes +/-) news clips on interesting topics. For example, cbc.ca has archived video and audio clips of news on a variety of topics. I've used things like 'extreme weather.'

It's useful to play the clips multiple times, for analysis first of meaning, then new words, then pronunciation.

One advantage of internet-based resources is the fact that language used is contextualized, real-life, and contemporary.
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Guy Courchesne



Joined: 10 Mar 2003
Posts: 9650
Location: Mexico City

PostPosted: Mon Jan 21, 2008 12:27 am    Post subject: Re: English pronunciation Reply with quote

MO39 wrote:
geaaronson wrote:
I have been sometimes faulted by not emphasizing pronunciation in my classes as much as I should and so I have been making more of an effort to incorporate it.
I often have my students read out loud short essays and works of fiction and accordingly correct their pronunciation.


I'm not an expert on teaching pronunciation, but I do feel sure that reading aloud is not an effective method. It's a difficult skill that requires attention paid to meaning as well as phonetics. Think of how few people can read a speech well in their native tongue and not put their audience to sleep!


I agree. There is an activity when working on short pieces, called back-chaining, that we work on i the TEFL course with students. Have had considerable success using this method, but it works on intonation and word stress, rather than single words, though it can be used at the word level.

Quote:
�Back chain� - repeat sections of a sentence beginning with the last word or phrase and building it up to the complete sentence.


http://www.eastsideliteracy.org/tutorsupport/ESL/ESLTips.htm

Quote:
What the heck is Back-chaining and how do I use it in the classroom?

While pronunciation is not the sole focus of any ESL class, it is a factor of all foreign language classes that cannot be ignored. All students of a foreign language want to learn the proper way to pronounce words so that they can be better understood by native speakers. One tool you can use to teach it is called back-chaining. Back-chaining is a technique in which you start with the last word of a sentence and go backwards, repeating the previous words as you introduce each new word until you form the entire sentence. Won�t this confuse students? No! In fact, cognitive theory shows that students tend to forget what is coming at the end of a sentence. By starting at the end of the sentence and working back you are giving students more repetition of the last couple of words � the same words they tend to forget. Through this repetition the students have the pronunciation of the words reinforced multiple times. For example:

Original sentence: I need to pick up my prescription at the pharmacy.

Back-chaining sentence: Pharmacy. The pharmacy. At the pharmacy. Prescription at the pharmacy. My prescription at the pharmacy. Pick up my prescription at the pharmacy. I need to pick up my prescription at the pharmacy.

Don�t be afraid to correct pronunciation along the way! If students are having problems with the word �prescription� repeat only the word that�s causing problems.

Back-chaining can also be done with single words, such as �communicating.� By breaking the word into syllables, you can point out common sounds like the �-ing� sound.


http://www.ccda.net/E-nunciation/E-nunciation/enewsmarch2007.html

Quote:
Chaining is a technique used to improve a student's pronunciation and fluency when chorusing a sentence or phrase. Rather than having the student repeat the entire group of words, you break them down into individual parts and progressively build them into the full structure, like adding links in a chain. Its recommended to start at the end of the sentence and work your way backward so when you reach the beginning the student has confidence with the following words.


http://forums.eslcafe.com/job/viewtopic.php?t=37596
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MO39



Joined: 28 Jan 2004
Posts: 1970
Location: El ombligo de la Rep�blica Mexicana

PostPosted: Mon Jan 21, 2008 1:51 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Thanks for reminding of that technique, Guy. Though I didn't know it was called "back-chaining", I used it a lot when teaching lower-level groups back at the Community College of Philadelphia.
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chola



Joined: 07 Apr 2004
Posts: 92
Location: the great white north

PostPosted: Mon Jan 21, 2008 4:03 am    Post subject: pronunciation Reply with quote

Lax/tight vowels affect pronunciation, eg. bitch/beach, shit/sheet, etc. Also, many Spanish speakers have difficulty with t/th, linking of consonants, the b/v distinction. Stress timing is important as well. I use to use a game from the book "pronunciation games" called "Da-da" language (I think?) that required the students to mark works for the stress /syllables....it was good at making them aware that English pronunciation is reliant on stress and how it effects intonation. Also, the pronunciation between words that are both vowels/nouns, eg. Photograph/photography/photographer....etc.
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geaaronson



Joined: 19 Apr 2005
Posts: 948
Location: Mexico City

PostPosted: Mon Jan 21, 2008 7:03 pm    Post subject: back chaining Reply with quote

It seems back-chaining eliminates any potential confusion between phonetics and meaning by decontextualizing the grammatical unit.
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MO39



Joined: 28 Jan 2004
Posts: 1970
Location: El ombligo de la Rep�blica Mexicana

PostPosted: Mon Jan 21, 2008 7:11 pm    Post subject: Re: back chaining Reply with quote

geaaronson wrote:
It seems back-chaining eliminates any potential confusion between phonetics and meaning by decontextualizing the grammatical unit.



I never got a TEFL certificate, so I have no idea what you're talking about!
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geaaronson



Joined: 19 Apr 2005
Posts: 948
Location: Mexico City

PostPosted: Mon Jan 21, 2008 7:21 pm    Post subject: jabberwockey Reply with quote

They don`t cover that in the TEFL, MO.
Simply stated-by reversing the sentence, students don`t pay attention to its meaning!
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MO39



Joined: 28 Jan 2004
Posts: 1970
Location: El ombligo de la Rep�blica Mexicana

PostPosted: Mon Jan 21, 2008 7:33 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

That's a good point - why didn't you say it like that in the first place?
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Guy Courchesne



Joined: 10 Mar 2003
Posts: 9650
Location: Mexico City

PostPosted: Mon Jan 21, 2008 7:45 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Quote:
They don`t cover that in the TEFL, MO.
Simply stated-by reversing the sentence, students don`t pay attention to its meaning!


Not necessarily, on both counts. We cover it, and if you backchain 'chunks' of sentences, you can focus nicely on prepositional phrases, introductory phrases, and adverbials, among others, rather than single words.

Here's one I like to start with in low level classes.

The rain
in Spain
falls mainly
in the plains


Backchained as I wrote it, rather than single words.
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geaaronson



Joined: 19 Apr 2005
Posts: 948
Location: Mexico City

PostPosted: Tue Jan 22, 2008 8:52 pm    Post subject: decontextualizing Reply with quote

No, Guy, I was referring to Marsha`s statement that she had never taken a TEFL class and did not know what I meant about �decontextualizing the grammatical unit�. I responded to that comment by saying that expression was one would not learn in a EFL/TEFL course.

I was not referring at all to backchaining being part of any teacher training course. But yes, it is good that you do teach it which is another reason why your program is a good one. Now, I`m tooting your horn.
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Guy Courchesne



Joined: 10 Mar 2003
Posts: 9650
Location: Mexico City

PostPosted: Tue Jan 22, 2008 9:08 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Well thank you...a scholar and a gentleman.

But I understood what you meant, and was referring to both the activity and the concept, trying to show how you can work both ends at the word level and at the grammar level.

Let me ask you though, going back to your first post. How do you find those business English students and their attitude towards pronunciation in general? I haven't taught such a class in a little while now, but always found that the suit and tie types worried more about pronunciation than anything else.


Last edited by Guy Courchesne on Tue Jan 22, 2008 9:30 pm; edited 1 time in total
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MELEE



Joined: 22 Jan 2003
Posts: 2583
Location: The Mexican Hinterland

PostPosted: Tue Jan 22, 2008 9:16 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Guy Courchesne wrote:
but alway found that the suit and tie types worried more about pronunciation than anything else.


And they should. Studies have shown that the average joe/jane native speaker, rates a non native speakers ability almost entirely on pronunciation. Their speach can be littered with minor grammar errors and not have a very wide vocabulary, but if thier pronunciation is good they will be rated higher than speakers who have perfect grammar and a very extensive vocabulary.
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