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khmerhit
Joined: 31 May 2003 Posts: 1874 Location: Reverse Culture Shock Unit
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Posted: Fri Dec 12, 2003 7:10 am Post subject: the future of the future tense |
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Notwithstanding the fact (or is it an assertion) that the Future Tense doesnt exist, it annoys me to see this useful tool cavalierly neglected by the illiterates that populate the news outlets where I live. The simple present has so overtaken the future, not to mention other tenses, that one day soon it will surely be extinct. Fictional example: "If things keep on like this, the tense is extinct for sure." AAAAAAAAAGGGGGRRGGH!
So I'm like, OMG, is this a good thing or a bad thing?---and does anyone, like, CARE?  |
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leeroy
Joined: 30 Jan 2003 Posts: 777 Location: London UK
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Posted: Fri Dec 12, 2003 9:54 am Post subject: |
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As much of a pain in the arse it is for students - I really like the variety of ways with which we can refer to the future in English. |
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jud

Joined: 25 May 2003 Posts: 127 Location: Italy
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Posted: Fri Dec 12, 2003 10:09 am Post subject: |
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I do too. It's a good example of why grammar is so important, for all those "conversation only" intermediate students, for subtlety, intention, etc.
My favourite example is "I'll spend Christmas in Rome." Oh, you just decided now? Or do you think it will happen? Versus, "I'm spending Christmas in Rome." Oh, that's nice, have a great time. |
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dduck

Joined: 29 Jan 2003 Posts: 422 Location: In the middle
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Posted: Fri Dec 12, 2003 10:15 am Post subject: Re: the future of the future tense |
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khmerhit wrote: |
Fictional example: "If things keep on like this, the tense is extinct for sure." AAAAAAAAAGGGGGRRGGH!
So I'm like, OMG, is this a good thing or a bad thing?---and does anyone, like, CARE?  |
There is no future tense, so how can it become extinct?
I recently read "The English Verb" by Michael Lewis and I recommend you to read it.
Lewis explains that the present tense is used when the speaker considers the idea to be a fact, e.g. "The bus leaves in 5 minutes". In this example the speaker isn't expressing any doubt. Whereas, "The train will leave in 5 minutes", uses the modal verb "will". Modals are used to express opinions and judgements. So in the last example, the speaker expresses the opinion that the train's departure, in 5 minutes, is inevitable, but it's still only an opinion.
Iain |
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dmb

Joined: 12 Feb 2003 Posts: 8397
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Posted: Fri Dec 12, 2003 11:28 am Post subject: |
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"The bus leaves in 5 minutes" Is this a fact? Which country are you refering to? "A Turkish bus driver once told me that and I was still there an hour later. Isn't the Simple Present used here because it is a timetable. "The sun rises evrey morning" is a fact |
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shmooj

Joined: 11 Sep 2003 Posts: 1758 Location: Seoul, ROK
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Posted: Fri Dec 12, 2003 1:32 pm Post subject: |
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dmb wrote: |
"The sun rises evrey morning" is a fact |
Yeah but it's been known to be late in Turkey on occasions... |
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fat_chris
Joined: 10 Sep 2003 Posts: 3198 Location: Beijing
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Posted: Fri Dec 12, 2003 3:27 pm Post subject: |
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What about the past of the past tense? That is another one that has seemed to have died a slow death. Well, my students certainly had a hearty hand in slaughtering it. |
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dduck

Joined: 29 Jan 2003 Posts: 422 Location: In the middle
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Posted: Fri Dec 12, 2003 3:32 pm Post subject: |
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dmb wrote: |
"The bus leaves in 5 minutes" Is this a fact? |
You are right, it is not a fact, but the speaker considers, conceptualizes that it is a fact. If you are 100% confident that some event will happen you use the present simple.
The sun rises.
The wind blows.
johnslat knows the words to the Rocky Horror Picture Show
I need a lie down.
The next job is round the corner.
All facts, in my opinion.
Iain |
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FGT

Joined: 14 Sep 2003 Posts: 762 Location: Turkey
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Posted: Sat Dec 13, 2003 3:37 am Post subject: |
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The sun rises - every day
The wind blows - always
Johnslat knows... - and has known
I need a lie down - The need is present
The next job is around the corner - there's always another corner (?). Not sure, but I suspect this is the only example which is actually describing a FUTURE time.
6 different ways of describing future (am I right?) but how to test them?
I leave at 2am tomorrow
I'm leaving at 2 am tomorrow
I'm going to leave at 2am tomorrow
I'll be leaving at 2am tomorrow
I will have left at 2am tomorrow
I'll leave at 2am tomorrow
All of the above are "correct" but you have to know what I'm thinking to decide which is "best". How do we test our students, assuming that they are not mind readers? |
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dduck

Joined: 29 Jan 2003 Posts: 422 Location: In the middle
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Posted: Sat Dec 13, 2003 10:22 am Post subject: |
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FGT wrote: |
I leave at 2am tomorrow
I'm leaving at 2 am tomorrow
I'm going to leave at 2am tomorrow
I'll be leaving at 2am tomorrow
I will have left at 2am tomorrow
I'll leave at 2am tomorrow
All of the above are "correct" but you have to know what I'm thinking to decide which is "best". How do we test our students, assuming that they are not mind readers? |
They are all correct, but more importantly they are used for different reasons. I'll try my best to repeat what Mike Lewis wrote in his book, "The English Verb". I'll also mention if you had been reading the posts in the teachers' forum, you know this by now.
Let's start with 'll and will.
I'll be home soon and I will be home soon don't have the same meaning. When speaking, stressing the auxiliary gives the second example a sense of decisiveness or emotion.
Next, we use the perfective aspect, also known as the perfect tense, to look back in time. I have done the dishes, looks back at the action from Present Time. Lewis describes this as a Retrospective form.
You can combine the two, 'll and have to produce, I'll have left at 2 a.m.. In this example we're using the looking back, retrospectively from a future time. In other words, by 2 a.m. you'll be outta here.
The example, I'm going to leave at 2 a.m., uses the Prospective form, that is your looking forward in time based on current evidence - the evidence in this example is that you've already made a plan to leave at this time - so it's internal evidence. It's going to rain is used when you have external evidence.
When the speaker says I'll be leaving at 2 a.m., the are opening up the action in time by using the durative form: (to be) + ing. The speaker choses to stress the length of time the action has, and combines this with 'll, which is usually used to express future time.
The last example I want to cover is I'm leaving at 2 a.m. This is similar to the Prospective form: going to + ing. However, it's not always possible to use the durative form to express future time. For example, It's raining tomorrow
In conclusion, this may seem like the rantings of a madman, however, please bear in mind that I've very briefly covered what Michael Lewis took a whole book to describe. If you don't get it, don't blame me - buy the book!
Iain |
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FGT

Joined: 14 Sep 2003 Posts: 762 Location: Turkey
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Posted: Sat Dec 13, 2003 11:45 am Post subject: |
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As a native speaker, and as a teacher with 11 years' experience, I get the differences. My students, too, from time to time, get the differences. I just feel that in an exam situation where a "fill in the blanks" type question is employed, there is frequently insufficient information in the context to justify the use of one version rather than another. Often there seem to be several "right" choices. I'm racking my brains to think of genuine examples.
Ah, OK, from memory, so it may not be exactly as printed:
"I won't see you tomorrow because I _________ early in the morning"
(ref. Language in Use Upper Intermediate workbook).
I think this could be "I'm leaving" (I've got the air ticket and the taxi booked), "I'll be leaving" (this is part of my itinerary), "I'll have left" (by the time you wake up/arrive at the office etc), "I'm going to leave" (this is my intention) etc.
Does anybody know of a better way to test this, or should we just tell our students that only the speaker knows what is the best in any one situation?
(And before anybody thinks I'm REALLY stupid, I'm not talking about obvious errors like "You dropped your books, I'm going to pick them up for you") |
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dyak

Joined: 25 Jun 2003 Posts: 630
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Posted: Sat Dec 13, 2003 1:21 pm Post subject: |
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In a test recently there was a question on the use of will and going to. One student, however, used the present continuous which was also technically correct. I had to mark her answers wrong though as the question clearly stated use will or going to.
I just felt so ridiculous explaining to her why I'd had to mark it wrong, ok she didn't read the question, but for all intents and purposes she'd read the dialogue, filled in the gaps with an appropriate and correct form yet it was 'wrong'. I know, students don't read exam questions but still.
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dduck

Joined: 29 Jan 2003 Posts: 422 Location: In the middle
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Posted: Sat Dec 13, 2003 3:03 pm Post subject: |
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FGT wrote: |
Does anybody know of a better way to test this, or should we just tell our students that only the speaker knows what is the best in any one situation? |
English speakers have a number of ways of expressing future time; the choice of words is determined by what meaning the speaker wants to impart to the listener. For me, the most important point is to convey meaning correctly. If exam questions allow for the possibility of more than one possible correct answer, then all valid choices should be marked as correct. The problem with designing exam questions, it seems, is trying to be precise.
dyak student's problem is that she understood the essential meaning correctly, but the exam gave her nothing, in the same way it would give a student who knew nothing about English nothing. It's very frustrating and demotivating when that happens. If the exam was internal, I'd mark it as correct, or give half marks with the remark "please answer the question as written on the paper, not imagined in your head!". It's a tough lesson to learn; better to practise first rather than lose the marks for real.
Iain |
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johnslat

Joined: 21 Jan 2003 Posts: 13859 Location: Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA
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Posted: Sat Dec 13, 2003 3:11 pm Post subject: Wrong right answers |
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Dear dduck,
I agree. Lord knows I've made up hundreds - maybe thousands - of grammar exams and quizzes. And although I've always tried to make the directions quite clear and the possible correct answers extremely limited, I've also had students put in "wrong right answers". Whenever that happened, I'd always give them full marks, under the principle that you can't mark a right answer wrong. I did this even when the directions excluded that specific "right answer", although I always added an explanation to the effect that the student HAD BETTER THOROUGHLY READ THE DIRECTIONS NEXT TIME.
Regards,
John |
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Capergirl

Joined: 02 Feb 2003 Posts: 1232 Location: Nova Scotia, Canada
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Posted: Sat Dec 13, 2003 4:50 pm Post subject: |
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@dyak...That's a tough one. I think I'd do what you did, though (mark the answers incorrect). I might offer her a retest, however, as she seemed to misunderstand the directions. I'd then remind her that in the future she should pay more attention to the directions on tests so as not to make the same unfortunate mistake again. |
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