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[igotthisguitar]

NASA Funds Weather Modification Technology

By Noah Shachtman

For 25 years, Ross Hoffman has had a vision: to use tiny changes in the environment to alter the paths of hurricanes, slow down snow storms and turn dark days bright.

For most of those years, Hoffman kept his ideas largely to himself. His adviser at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology told him weather control was too outlandish for his Ph.D. thesis. The chances of a buttoned-down foundation or government agency funding such research were so slim, Hoffman didn't even bother to ask.

But, in 2001, all that changed. Hoffman stumbled upon a tiny, obscure cranny of the American space program -- the NASA Institute for Advanced Concepts, or NIAC. In this $4 million-a-year agency, Hoffman found a place where the wildest of ideas were not only tolerated, they were welcome.

Shape-shifting space suits? Step right up. Antimatter-powered probes to Alpha Centauri? No problem. Robotic armada to destroy incoming asteroids? Pal, just sign on the dotted line. Weather control seemed downright down to earth in comparison.

Hoffman is now wrapping up his half-million-dollar study for NIAC. But the agency is continuing to bankroll concepts for a future decades away.

Some space analysts wonder how long it can last, however. With NASA in turmoil, and a presidential directive to return to the moon, will a science fiction-oriented agency like NIAC survive?

"They're interested in taking some risks, unlike most other government organizations these days," said Hoffman, a vice president at Atmospheric and Environmental Research in Lexington, Massachusetts. "At NIAC, if it's not risky, it's not going to get funded."

Over the last six years, NIAC has backed 118 studies into the chanciest of propositions: interplanetary rapid transit, aircraft without moving parts, and radio signals bounced off of meteors' trails.

The idea, according to NIAC director Robert Cassanova, is to give concepts 10 to 40 years out a chance to grow, and then to pass those models on to NASA proper for further development.

The agency's best-known baby is the so-called space elevator -- a 62,000-mile twine of carbon nanotubes that would transport cargo into orbit.

Technically, NIAC isn't part of the space agency, Cassanova said. It's a wing of the Universities Space Research Association -- a collection of colleges that work together on final-frontier studies. Through the group, NASA gives Cassanova a few million a year to hand out to way-out researchers. NIAC hands out two types of grants. Six-month Phase I investigations receive $75,000 each. Phase II grants go up to $400,000, for 18 to 24 months of study.

With his award, Hoffman tweaked a weather-prediction program to show that moving a hurricane was possible -- at least in theory.

Here's how:

You need a ring of satellites in orbit, channeling the sun's energy, stretching around the Earth. The machines would beam power to the planet, using microwaves. But, tuned to 183 GHz, they could also heat up small regions of the atmosphere by a degree or two. Those small changes could have enormous impact, Hoffman's simulation showed. A deadly hurricane, headed for the Hawaiian island of Kauai, drifted off into the Pacific, harmlessly.

"One of the great things about NIAC is that they never say, 'That's crazy, you can never build a fleet of solar-powered space stations,'" Hoffman said.

Such a system is decades off -- if it ever happens at all. But analysts like Brian Chase, vice president of the Space Foundation, see research like Hoffman's as critically important.

"It's impossible to make breakthroughs if all you're funding is immediate, near-term applications," he said.

Chase is concerned, however, that NASA may be pressured to drop its far-out studies.

"These are tight times," he said. "It's tricky balancing how much can be obtained for the moon and Mars versus how much can be obtained for the longer-term stuff. Often, it's one of the first areas to get cut."

NIAC isn't the only arm of the space agency engaged in projects that border on the fantastic. The Marshall Space Flight Center, for example, is looking at propelling spaceships with electrodynamic tethers (PDF). But Marshall can be pretty darn practical, compared to the NIAC folks.

Marshall research asks, "How long can I store antimatter?" said Gerry Jackson, president of Hbar Technologies in West Chicago, Illinois. NIAC studies wonder, "How do I integrate it into spacecraft? How does this affect mission priorities? And how many kilograms can I get to Alpha Centauri in a certain number of years?"

Jackson said Marshall scientists are trapping antimatter a fraction of a billionth of a gram at a time. By his NIAC-funded calculations, a trip to Alpha Centauri will require 17 grams. He figures it would take 20 or 30 years to ramp up to harvesting tens of milligrams per year. And after that, it will only be another decade or so until there's enough antimatter for an Alpha Centauri trip.

So we had better start planning now.

http://www.wired.com/news/technology/0,1282,63362,00.html

[mithridates]

The one idea in the mix that isn't wild is the space elevator, which is nearly doable. Only better manufacturing of the carbon nanotubes and the cost to make them stand in the way of it being possible. 63 GPa is the minimum and existing carbon nanotubes test at around 40, but theoretically the upper limit is around 120.

[Bulsajo]

[mithridates]

The estimated cost would be about $40 billion. Some have said it would be doable with ten but I don't believe them. The best place to build it would be out on the ocean because making it movable would be the best way to avoid satellites and to keep it away from possible terrorist threats as well. Any talk about the tether causing widespread damage if it were to fall is complete BS because the 100 000 km tether would weigh a total of 20 tons for each string, which is nothing. Ten times lighter than a tiny copper wire.
Right now a gram of carbon nanotube fiber costs about $100 per gram but it will need to be reduced to $1 per gram which is what Matsui of Japan is working on now.

The estimate for when the technology will become available is 2008 or so but it wouldn't be for a long time after that that it would ever happen because the biggest issue is what way to make the base.

The most basic answer is to say that the costs would be comparable to the Shuttle program.

[mithridates]

And BTW don't forget that when you are comparing the cost to that of launching with a rocket that most times it will be talking about the cost to send something into LEO whereas for a space elevator geosynchronous orbit would cost the same. The centrifugal force would also enable you to sling a probe as far off as Saturn without having to use fuel.

[Bulsajo]

As I said before it's a cool idea and one I've been excited about for a long time but never imagined that I might possibly see it in my lifetime.

You know a lot more about it than I ever will, so if it's alright with you I'm going to continue playing devil's advocate a little longer:

[mithridates]

Each 20-ton string by itself would be capable of supporting it but it's better to have a few attached later on just in case. There wouldn't need to be that many. I just woke up so I'm going to be lazy now and just copy from Wikipedia:

[Joo Rip Gwa Rhhee]

[igotthisguitar]

Although it may seem far fatched, weather warfare has been something that governments have known about for some 60 years.

Some examples and evidence of it actually being used are ---

Project Popeye in the Vietnam war. Operation Popeye  (also known as Operation Intermediary or Operation Compatriot) was long running and large. It operated from 20 March 1967 until 5 July 1972. The objective was to extend the monsoon season over North Vietnamese and Viet Cong resupply routes, denying the use of trails and roads.

Chart 2. Objective (supplied by the Department of Defense).
Increase rainfall sufficiently in carefully selected areas to deny the enemy the use of roads by:

(1) Softening road surfaces
(2) Causing landslides along roadways
(3) Washing out river crossings
(4) Maintain saturated soil conditions beyond the normal time span. 

(US Senate, Subcommittee on Oceans and International Environment; 20 March 1974; p. 89)

A Seeding Unit
The seeding units consist of a 40mm aluminum photoflash-type cartridge and a candle assembly. The candle assembly included a plastic container 3 inches long with the seeding material and necessary delayed firing mechanism to ignite the free falling container. The silver iodide or lead iodide is produced as the chemical mixture burns.

(US Senate, Subcommittee on Oceans and International Environment; 20 March 1974; p. 91).

The initial operation area was over parts of Laos and North Vietnam. It was then extended and redrawn to include parts of South Vietnam and Cambodia. In total, the Pentagon admitted that US C-130 aircraft operating from Udorn Royal Thai Air Force Base flew 2,602 missions and expended 47,409 cloud seeding units. (US Senate, Subcommittee on Oceans and International Environment; 20 March 1974; pp. 101-105). The Pentagon said the project cost $21.6 million.

At the briefing, military officials tried to downplay the impact of Operation Popeye, arguing that the increase of rainfall had been marginal, 'only' affecting about around 5% of the precipitation in the region: "While this program had an effect on the primitive road conditions in these areas the results were certainly limited and unverifiable. It was conducted because of its apparent contribution to the interdiction mission and relatively low program costs. 

Critics wondered why a purportedly ineffective program would have continued for over 5 years. Despite Pentagon denials, many critics also believed that Operation Popeye was a possible contributor to the catastrophic 1971 floods in North Vietnam, which covered over 10% of the country. And the price tag, the equivalent of US $100 million in 2000 dollars, did not seem like such a bargain.

Administration officials said that they resisted disclosing Popeye because of delicate relationships with governments in the region. Thailand, from which the flights were operated, was unaware that it was hosting the operation. Only Laos had been informed of the operations, according to the Pentagon. (US Senate, Subcommittee on Oceans and International Environment; 20 March 1974; p. 115).

Another example is the UN treaty (3172) of Dec 10 1976 declaring that countries are forbidden to use weather warfare against each other

How about the tsunami bomb?

Developed as far back as 1944

Top secret wartime experiments were conducted off the New Zealand coast to perfect a tidal wave bomb believed to be potentially as effective as the atom bomb, a report said yesterday citing declassified files.

Auckland University professor Thomas Leech set off a series of underwater explosions triggering mini-tidal waves at Whangaparaoa, just north of Auckland, in 1944 and 1945, the New Zealand Herald reported.

His work was considered so significant that US defense chiefs said if the project had been completed before the end of the war it could have played a role as effective as that of the atom bomb.

Details of the tsunami bomb, known as Project Seal, are contained in 53-year-old documents released by the New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade.

Papers stamped "top secret" show the US and British military were eager for Seal to be developed in the post-war years too. They even considered sending Leech to Bikini Atoll to view the US nuclear tests and see if they had any application to his work.

He did not make the visit, although a member of the US board of assessors of atomic tests, Dr. Karl Compton, was sent to New Zealand.

"Dr. Compton is impressed with Professor Leech's deductions on the Seal project and is prepared to recommend to the Joint Chiefs of Staff that all technical data from the test relevant to the Seal project should be made available to the New Zealand Government for further study by Professor Leech," said a July 1946 letter from Washington to Wellington.

Leech, who died in his native Australia in 1973, was the university's dean of engineering from 1940 until 1950.

News of his being awarded a CBE in 1947 for research on a weapon led to speculation in newspapers around the world about what was being developed.

Though high-ranking New Zealand and US officers spoke out in support of the research, no details of it were released because the work was on-going.

A former colleague of Leech, Neil Kirton, told the New Zealand Herald that the experiments involved laying a pattern of explosives underwater to create a tsunami.

Small-scale explosions were carried out in the Pacific and off Whangaparaoa, which at the time was controlled by the army.

It is unclear what happened to Project Seal once the final report was forwarded to Wellington Defense Headquarters late in the 1940s.

The bomb was never tested full scale, and Kirton doubts the public would have noticed the trials.

"Whether it could ever be resurrected ... Under some circumstances I think it could be devastating," he said.

http://prisonplanet.com/articles/january2005/070105tsunamibomb.htm


And of course there is HAARP and the GWEN Towers

HAARP
The Creator designed living beings to resonate to the11 natural Schumann Resonance frequency pulsation in order to evolve harmoniously. The Ionosphere is being manipulated by US government scientists using the Alaskan transmitter called HAARP, (High-Frequency Active Auroral Research Program) which sends focused radiated power to heat up sections of the Ionosphere, which bounces power down again. ELF waves produced from HAARP, when targeted on selected areas, can weather-engineer and create mood changes affecting millions of people. The intended wattage is 1,700 billion watts of power.

Geomagnetic Waves & GWEN
Sixty four elements in the ground modulate, with variation, the geomagnetic waves naturally coming from the ground. The earth's natural 'brain rhythm' above is balanced with these. These are the same minerals found in red blood corpuscles. There is a relation between the blood and geomagnetic waves. An imbalance between Schumann and geomagnetic waves disrupts these biorhythms. These natural geomagnetic waves are being replaced by artificially created low frequency (LF) ground waves coming from GWEN Towers.

GWEN (Ground Wave Emergency Network) transmitters placed 200 miles apart across the USA allow specific frequencies to be tailored to the geomagnetic-field strength in each area, allowing the magnetic field to be altered. They operate in the LF range, with transmissions between LF 150 and 175 KHz. They also emit waves from the upper VHF to the lower UHF range of 225 - 400 MHz. The LF signals travel by waves that hug the ground rather than radiating into the atmosphere. A GWEN station transmits in a 360 degree circle up to 300 miles, the signal dropping off sharply with distance. The entire GWEN system consists of, (depending on source of data), from 58 to an intended 300 transmitters spread across the USA, each with a tower 299-500 ft high. 300 ft copper wires in spoke-like fashion fan out from the base of the system underground, interacting with the earth, like a thin shelled conductor, radiating radio wave energy for very long distances through the ground.

The United States is bathed in this magnetic field which can rise from ground up to 500 ft, but goes down into basements, so everyone can be affected and mind-controlled. The entire artificial ground-wave spreads out over the whole of the USA like a web. It is easier to mind-control and hypnotize people who are bathed in an artificial electromagnetic-wave.

GWEN transmitters have many different functions including:

1. controlling the weather,
2. mind control,
3. behavior and mood control, and
4. sending synthetic-telepathy as infrasound to victims with US government mind-control implants.

GWEN works in conjunction with HAARP and the Russian Woodpecker transmitter, which is similar to HAARP. The Russians openly market a small version of their weather-engineering system called Elate, which can fine-tune weather patterns over a 200 mile area and have the same range as the GWEN unit.

An Elate system operates at Moscow airport. The GWEN towers shoot enormous bursts of energy into the atmosphere in conjuction with HAARP.

The website www.cuttingedge.org wrote an expose of how the major floods of the Mid-West USA occurred in 1993.

http://www.bariumblues.com/em_mind%20control.htm

Research it for yourself because I hope I am wrong

[mindmetoo]

Rapier will tell you MJ12 has had weather control satellites in orbit for years. He's got a Nostradamus quote to prove it too...

[rapier]

[rapier]

Scientists Dispute Hurricane Blaster Idea

51 minutes ago
DENVER - It sounds like a great idea: Let's just blast hurricanes like Rita and Katrina out of the sky before they hurt more people.
http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/rita_wishful_thinking;_ylt=Ampnb9RZSuto7hiTn4rJY6ys0NUE;_ylu=X3oDMTA2Z2szazkxBHNlYwN0bQ--

[Bulsajo]

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2005/09/25/wspace25.xml&sSheet=/portal/2005/09/25/ixportal.html

[igotthisguitar]

http://www.hourofthetime.com/weather.htm

[igotthisguitar]

Former Naval Physicist: Government Can Control Hurricanes
Former Vet "Made it Rain" During Vietnam War

Steve Watson & Paul Joseph Watson | 14 Oct 2005

Alex Jones was joined on air yesterday by weather modification expert Ben Livingston.

Livingston discussed in detail proven evidence of hurricane control and his research and experiences with cloud seeding and weather weapons used in the Vietnam war.

http://www.prisonplanet.com/articles/october2005/141005weather_modification.htm

http://www.infowars.com/articles/science/weather_mod_ben_livingston_cloud_physicist.htm