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"The Engagement Theory" of teaching ESL
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jrwhite82



Joined: 22 May 2010

PostPosted: Sun Feb 20, 2011 8:00 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

ddeubel wrote:
Lots of very insightful comments on this thread!

I think this is a big issue and really at bottom is the question of self directed learning.

We've tried to go half way with things like Project based learning, task based stuff, collaborative learning etc... but still the teacher keeps getting in the way. Teachers tend to teach like they were taught (especially inexperienced teachers) and so we end up with high TTT and a lot of bewildered students.

I like Sugata Mitra's methodology of "I'm going away now" (see his lecture here, especially the discussion at the end. http://bit.ly/hf9aFk

More teachers have to try and step away and I think it a very valid and effective approach. In the end, what's at work in the classroom are "power" relationships. Decreasing the power of the teacher in the classroom is what's needed for less content and more skill based subjects like languages. I'd love it if more teachers could use a language lab and just have the students studying like that (and I'll mention - http://www.englishcentral.com will have a Korean lang. interface shortly).

But it is hard for change to happen. Most textbooks don't encourage the teacher to be less infront of the class and directing everything. Most admins have an expectation of the teacher yapping away in front of the students and being "busy". Even teachers I've trained over the years - fall back to their old tricks. Training just is a nice "aside" but not translated into practice. Very frustrating.... it takes leadership in the school - leadership that is very lacking.

I published my teach | learn textbook in hopes of supporting more student centeredness http://bit.ly/heLwmp . Not too optimistic but we just got to do what we can.

DD
http://eflclassroom.com


Everything you said is great. In fact it's wonderful! But not having a plan does not lead to a more student centered classroom. In fact, to have a student centered classroom, you will need to do more planning because if you don't have all your materials ready, your transitions mapped out, your content leveled according to student ability, etc...your class is going to fail.

Student centered classrooms require more materials because the students will be working independently. They require you to have more personal knowledge of student ability and those materials need to be leveled accordingly. To know your student's ability level, that takes more assessments of the summative and formative variety...which guess what, takes more planning on your part! If you want the best bang for your buck (or usage for limited time), you need to be giving students materials that are individualized, this requires more planning to prepare them all. Your transitions need to be well thought out and planned because students that are all working independently will be finishing and completing tasks at different paces. You can lose many students as they change from one activity to the next. This takes careful planning and careful well thought out direction.

Not planning for a classroom like this will blow up in your face. It will be the biggest, most massive disaster. You present some very progressive ideas, which I really like, but I think they are a little off-topic to what the OP is suggesting. He is trying to present a way to motivate students to engage others in a conversation by sitting back and having a very limited plan (if any). What you are presenting requires a large amount of preparation and planning.
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ddeubel



Joined: 20 Jul 2005

PostPosted: Sun Feb 20, 2011 9:02 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

jrwhite,

I appreciate your comments and yes, I should have more directly addressed the OPs and others idea of "less planning". Though I must say, I view this is less formal planning and more informal planning, on the part of the teacher.

Your views that more planning = better teaching (and I know I'm generalizing) are imho not true. Teachers need to get out of the way and it can be as simple as setting up the environment (which takes planning in most cases, classes not being ready for this style of learning) and setting an objective/end. Then letting the students, "have a go".

Students can do a lot, if we just let them take more responsibility for their own education/learning. If we don't help teach them to be self directed, autonomous learners, we are really missing a big opportunity to help students. We need more sandbox learning. Why can't students themselves design and produce the tests, the worksheets?

I'm not convinced that self directed learning =s more planning (though all the things you mention do go into good teaching - but also for teacher centered classrooms) I believe it =s different planning.

DD
http://eflclassroom.com
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Zackback



Joined: 05 Nov 2010
Location: Kyungbuk

PostPosted: Sun Feb 20, 2011 4:15 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

For medium to high level students an effective way to teach them is to do minimal class preparation. Go into class with just a few ideas and/or worksheet/s.

Thats is what I wrote in my OP. A few ideas and/or a few worksheets is more than plenty for a medium to high level students.
Students need to think more creatively rather than me having to fill in the blanks all the time.
I don't know how many times I have heard from students (high level) that they just want free talking (no books, no materials) but then when class begins they just sit there and stare at me. I throw out a few ideas but man it all leads to a dead end real quick. Now I just wait until they talk. I don't care how long it takes. If I give a few conversation starters and not one student goes with it then they need to think of something. This is a "conversation" and a conversation, unlike a lecture, is a two way (not a one way) street.
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edwardcatflap



Joined: 22 Mar 2009

PostPosted: Sun Feb 20, 2011 4:25 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Quote:
Why can't students themselves design and produce the tests, the worksheets?




Producing tests and worksheets is quite a specialized job, requiring a lot of experience, and even native speaker teachers can design materials with major flaws. I've tried guiding students to design their own worksheets in the past with a lot of help and they rarely produce anything worthwhile.
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ddeubel



Joined: 20 Jul 2005

PostPosted: Sun Feb 20, 2011 5:40 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Quote:
Producing tests and worksheets is quite a specialized job, requiring a lot of experience, and even native speaker teachers can design materials with major flaws.


I'd like to hear what others think about this...... either from direct experience or their own thoughts on the matter.

DD
http://eflclassroom.com
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Juregen



Joined: 30 May 2006

PostPosted: Sun Feb 20, 2011 6:00 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

There is management and then there is micro management.

There is planning, and then there is micro planning.

Micro management makes people feel less responsible for the results they achieve ergo sum, they do not take control of their learning processes.


Management lessons can easily be applied to the classroom, cause economics is ultimately about incentives.
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bobbybigfoot



Joined: 05 May 2007
Location: Seoul

PostPosted: Sun Feb 20, 2011 6:35 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

ddeubel wrote:
Quote:
Producing tests and worksheets is quite a specialized job, requiring a lot of experience, and even native speaker teachers can design materials with major flaws.


I'd like to hear what others think about this...... either from direct experience or their own thoughts on the matter.

DD
http://eflclassroom.com


David, I watched the 1.5 hour video of the Indian Professor you posted above (I can't recall his name). This man has some brilliant ideas.

In my opinion, education is done all wrong. Certainly wrong in Korea. We line kids up in desks, force them to be "edumacated" then test them with ridiculous tests.

(1) Classroom designs are ALL wrong. Schools should be mazes. Big rooms. Small rooms. Alone. Together. Big groups. Small groups. Inside. Outside.

(2) Process is everything. Content less important.


S afety
M anners
A rt
R espect
T opics of interest
E xercise
R elaxation

"If kids are interested, learning happens" From your video link above. Absolutely.

Korean kids struggle with English because by and large they aren't interested. If they were truly interested they would use the language on their own. Few do.

An interested child surrounded with other interested, respectful children can learn English to fluency in 1 to 2 years. We underestimate the power of a child's brain.
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legrande



Joined: 23 Nov 2010

PostPosted: Mon Feb 21, 2011 5:30 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

calicoe wrote:
jrwhite82 wrote:
Zackback presents a valid concern: Korean students spend SO much time studying the language, but barely any of them are able to actually use it effectively.

Is this because they are waiting for NETs to start a conversation? Part of it has to do with confidence. But planning less for your class will not make you a more effective educator and I don't see how it will translate into more well prepared students. In fact, I think it will have quite the opposite effect.

There are much more effective ways to build confidence in students than sitting back and waiting for them to initiate a conversation.

I think a lot of it has to do with teachers doing the same, predictable thing every class. How bout less bomb games and more actual teaching going on.


This.

However, I want to say that the OP is definitely on the money with his/her observations. I just don't COMPLETELY agree with his solution. But, in my EXPERIENCE (because I am no expert, but just another teacher trying to constantly reflect and improve), I have observed that sometimes I can be over prepared. That is, I can get stuck in following a set plan and forget to let things happen or progress naturally. Some of the best classes I've had were planned minimally, and the students were able to carry it away by putting themselves into the lesson, by truly becoming spontaneously student-centered.

That being said, it won't always be that way. The best classes are where I have an outline of goals and objectives, and a variety of activities that can serve as backups, and then I let the students carry it away to wherever they want.

But, it can't always be that way, because I don't believe in playing games for every class in university. This was my big issue this week, and the OP almost read my mind on the passivity point. There are times where they have to take what they learned and produce, and you cannot teach or produce everything in a speed game.

However, there are teachers who rely on these games as a centerpiece, because it boosts their popularity ratings, and that's great for them, but the teachers who are actually trying to teach a skill end up with students who experience English education as a place where you shout out one word answers and/or expect to be entertained, and then give you the bored eye when you are trying to teach them language skills that can't be taught in a game, like expressing opinions with reasoned arguments.

Lazy teaching leads to lazy students, I guess. But, before you jump on me, I don't entirely blame the ESL teacher. Most of this is the fault of the administrations, and the expectation that they put on the NETs to be "popular" to keep their jobs. And so, that's what they get: "popular" NETs and advanced university students that still make sentences without verbs, if they make sentences at all.


University students want the easiest way to the highest grade, full stop. They aren't going to self-direct much of anything except doing the bare minimum. 'Course at a hagwon you'd expect adults to put out for what they're paying for, so it's plausible there.

Quote:
However, there are teachers who rely on these games as a centerpiece, because it boosts their popularity ratings, and that's great for them, but the teachers who are actually trying to teach a skill end up with students who experience English education as a place where you shout out one word answers and/or expect to be entertained, and then give you the bored eye when you are trying to teach them language skills that can't be taught in a game, like expressing opinions with reasoned arguments.


Yeah, this is why teaching at uni can be a joke. However, I found that if you really put your back into it you can get decent results; still, the admin will hand the trophy to Mr./Ms. Popular, and some of your students will compare your class to the Games Parade and dock you for actually making them study a little.
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Fat_Elvis



Joined: 17 Aug 2006
Location: In the ghetto

PostPosted: Mon Feb 21, 2011 6:36 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

There's a few things going on in this thread, and I'd like to give my 2 cents worth on each separately.

With regard to students learning how to initiate conversations, I think just dropping them in the deep end and expecting them to know how to do this is perhaps unrealistic. They probably lack the skills to initiate conversations, how to take and maintain the floor, possibly turn-taking etc You'll need to introduce this language along with popular topics in conversation in English to them as they probably lack the competence in discourse to this themselves.

With regard to students producing their own worksheets, I think it's certainly doable at higher levels and even on occasion at lower levels. Students can make their own 'Find Someone Who' activities, mingle questions, comprehension questions for reading and other things and it results in materials which are far more relevant to the students than mass-produced TEFL fodder.

And now finally regarding planning, I think you could possibly get away with a dogme style lesson but only occasionally. You'll need to be a pretty good teacher with a few years experience in order to improvise activities that address gaps in the student's language and you'll need to have motivated students which could be a problem if you're teaching at a uni. I think most students like clear lesson objectives and a syllabus to give them a sense of progress. There is no reason (apart from institutional constraints) why that couldn't be negotiated with the students though.
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ddeubel



Joined: 20 Jul 2005

PostPosted: Mon Feb 21, 2011 7:33 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Quote:
"If kids are interested, learning happens" From your video link above. Absolutely.

Korean kids struggle with English because by and large they aren't interested. If they were truly interested they would use the language on their own. Few do.

An interested child surrounded with other interested, respectful children can learn English to fluency in 1 to 2 years. We underestimate the power of a child's brain.


Yes, that's it all in a few paragraphs. I'm going to work hard and produce something on self directed learning - it is about educating the stakeholders as to how this works.

I'm working to get English Central to make more engaging activities for learners. Once implemented, along with the Korean interfacing coming, it will show that learning a language doesn't have to be done in a crowded room with an "authority figure" at the fore.

I agree totally with the notion that micro managing has done more harm than good in our classrooms.

DD
http://eflclassroom.com
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withnail



Joined: 13 Oct 2008
Location: Seoul, South Korea.

PostPosted: Mon Feb 21, 2011 11:06 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Ah, learner autonomy! The Holy Grail of EFL teaching! When this is advocated by teachers, it sounds a lot like Turkeys voting for an early Christmas!

Seriously though, the wonderful ideas and proposals in this thread have only occasionally touched upon what is really important - how to do it and not get censured or fired!!


So many TEFL idealists out there, I can only think are freelancers, because the majority of us have Korean employers who just won't accept it. You get the Korean equivalent of "Let's have none of that nonsense, sonny" The students too, it seems.

Last semester I set myself the target of shutting up more, getting off the platform as it were, getting students to do things and discuss things in small groups so that I could concentrate on feedback and assisting. Tried to get students to take ownership of some of the tasks. Even had an element of personal reading on the course where you had to read some simple storybooks of your own choice at whichever level you were comfortable with. The students seemed to really enjoy it. I did too until I read their evaluations ...

Comments included "He earns his salary very easily" and "It felt like we were studying by ourselves"

This is what happens in Korea when as the teacher you make the departure from being the font of all knowledge!

I was punished by being ruled out of doing my usual module on the graduate programme because of this negative feedback whilst my gameplaying, song-singing edutainer type colleagues continue to be regarded as the cat's pajamas.

I don't think anything short of a massive national debate on the matter is going to fix things any time soon...I'm sure kids will take it from Korean Teachers with job security but from the NETs, they want a cross between a stand-up comedian and an amusing after-dinner raconteur...

It's hard to fight against thousands of years of Confucianism, folks!

Having said that, I've heard so many times "the school lets me do what I want" so if that's true for you, then have at it!!
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pyeongtaekcody2



Joined: 26 Jan 2011

PostPosted: Mon Feb 21, 2011 4:29 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Interesting thread. Here's my current situation.

I've been at my first hagwon for two weeks now. The director has brought to my attention that before myself, the foreign teacher was strictly following the curriculum in the textbook. Just like the Korean Teachers. Basically, he was another robot in front of the class, doing the same thing each day.

My director told me a story about how a couple students and their parents ran into the former foreign teacher around town, and even though the students recognized the teacher and called him by name, they would not communicate in English to them. Consequently, the parents ended up pulling them from the hagwon. I suppose this goes to show that students perhaps only do what is expected of them in class and for grades, but when it comes to actual use of the language in real world setting...well thats up for debate.

He's now put the burden on me to get the kids talking, to open up to actually using the language. (I'm certain theres a financial aspect of this too) He's telling me to throw all forms of formal teaching out the window, and come up with different games and activities to get the ball rolling. To push dialogue more than anything. I think this is good. It may involve some extensive planning, but hey, I can do without 3 hours of desk warming a day. I'm on the internet way too much as it is. Plus, this may make the time go faster.

Has anyone else been in this or a similar situation? Thoughts on this way of teaching. I might be talking out of my ass and all this is common. If not, feel free to pm me suggestions.
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edwardcatflap



Joined: 22 Mar 2009

PostPosted: Mon Feb 21, 2011 6:33 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Quote:
My director told me a story about how a couple students and their parents ran into the former foreign teacher around town, and even though the students recognized the teacher and called him by name, they would not communicate in English to them


While the curriculum at your hagwan may have been too exam oriented, I don't think this example necessarily proves the fact. It's fairly natural for kids to get acutely embarassed when made to perform in front of their parents no matter how well they've been taught. In my experience, even kids who you can have a normal fluent conversation with in class will automatically clam up after 'how are you, fine thanks' if you try to engage them in conversation in front of their parents.
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pyeongtaekcody2



Joined: 26 Jan 2011

PostPosted: Mon Feb 21, 2011 6:54 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

edwardcatflap wrote:
Quote:
My director told me a story about how a couple students and their parents ran into the former foreign teacher around town, and even though the students recognized the teacher and called him by name, they would not communicate in English to them


While the curriculum at your hagwan may have been too exam oriented, I don't think this example necessarily proves the fact. It's fairly natural for kids to get acutely embarassed when made to perform in front of their parents no matter how well they've been taught. In my experience, even kids who you can have a normal fluent conversation with in class will automatically clam up after 'how are you, fine thanks' if you try to engage them in conversation in front of their parents.


very true.
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calicoe



Joined: 23 Dec 2008
Location: South Korea

PostPosted: Tue Feb 22, 2011 11:45 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

legrande wrote:
calicoe wrote:
jrwhite82 wrote:
Zackback presents a valid concern: Korean students spend SO much time studying the language, but barely any of them are able to actually use it effectively.

Is this because they are waiting for NETs to start a conversation? Part of it has to do with confidence. But planning less for your class will not make you a more effective educator and I don't see how it will translate into more well prepared students. In fact, I think it will have quite the opposite effect.

There are much more effective ways to build confidence in students than sitting back and waiting for them to initiate a conversation.

I think a lot of it has to do with teachers doing the same, predictable thing every class. How bout less bomb games and more actual teaching going on.


This.

However, I want to say that the OP is definitely on the money with his/her observations. I just don't COMPLETELY agree with his solution. But, in my EXPERIENCE (because I am no expert, but just another teacher trying to constantly reflect and improve), I have observed that sometimes I can be over prepared. That is, I can get stuck in following a set plan and forget to let things happen or progress naturally. Some of the best classes I've had were planned minimally, and the students were able to carry it away by putting themselves into the lesson, by truly becoming spontaneously student-centered.

That being said, it won't always be that way. The best classes are where I have an outline of goals and objectives, and a variety of activities that can serve as backups, and then I let the students carry it away to wherever they want.

But, it can't always be that way, because I don't believe in playing games for every class in university. This was my big issue this week, and the OP almost read my mind on the passivity point. There are times where they have to take what they learned and produce, and you cannot teach or produce everything in a speed game.

However, there are teachers who rely on these games as a centerpiece, because it boosts their popularity ratings, and that's great for them, but the teachers who are actually trying to teach a skill end up with students who experience English education as a place where you shout out one word answers and/or expect to be entertained, and then give you the bored eye when you are trying to teach them language skills that can't be taught in a game, like expressing opinions with reasoned arguments.

Lazy teaching leads to lazy students, I guess. But, before you jump on me, I don't entirely blame the ESL teacher. Most of this is the fault of the administrations, and the expectation that they put on the NETs to be "popular" to keep their jobs. And so, that's what they get: "popular" NETs and advanced university students that still make sentences without verbs, if they make sentences at all.


University students want the easiest way to the highest grade, full stop. They aren't going to self-direct much of anything except doing the bare minimum. 'Course at a hagwon you'd expect adults to put out for what they're paying for, so it's plausible there.

Quote:
However, there are teachers who rely on these games as a centerpiece, because it boosts their popularity ratings, and that's great for them, but the teachers who are actually trying to teach a skill end up with students who experience English education as a place where you shout out one word answers and/or expect to be entertained, and then give you the bored eye when you are trying to teach them language skills that can't be taught in a game, like expressing opinions with reasoned arguments.


Yeah, this is why teaching at uni can be a joke. However, I found that if you really put your back into it you can get decent results; still, the admin will hand the trophy to Mr./Ms. Popular, and some of your students will compare your class to the Games Parade and dock you for actually making them study a little.


God yes! Thanks for the feedback and validation. I always try to reflect and question my teaching at all times, so I'm not saying I'm perfect. But, it is so easy to simply trawl the internet for games and then have them entertain themselves. But, this is what they want!

quote withnal:

"I was punished by being ruled out of doing my usual module on the graduate programme because of this negative feedback whilst my gameplaying, song-singing edutainer type colleagues continue to be regarded as the cat's pajamas.

I don't think anything short of a massive national debate on the matter is going to fix things any time soon...I'm sure kids will take it from Korean Teachers with job security but from the NETs, they want a cross between a stand-up comedian and an amusing after-dinner raconteur... "

Gosh, I'm both frustrated and glad that I'm not the only one. I don't think I'm cut out for this place, because I really want to teach them some skills other than speed games. Crying or Very sad
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