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Chan-Seung Lee



Joined: 03 Dec 2005
Posts: 1032

PostPosted: Sat Jan 27, 2007 4:47 am    Post subject: questions Reply with quote

Quote:
1-1.Tom says that she has been happy.
1-2.Tom says that she had been happy.

2-1.Tom has said she has been happy.
2-2.Tom has said she had been happy.

3-1.Tom will say that she has been happy.
3-2.Tom will say that she had been happy.


In what situation are 1-1 and 1-2 used each?
In what situation are 2-1 and 2-2 used each?
In what situation are 3-1 and 3-2 used each?

Thanks.
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CP



Joined: 12 Jun 2006
Posts: 2875
Location: California

PostPosted: Sat Jan 27, 2007 8:10 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

1-1. Tom says that she has been happy. Use this when Tom is speaking now about her state of happiness in the recent past and up until now.

1-2. Tom says that she had been happy. Use this when Tom is speaking now about her state of happiness in some time in the past before something else. Maybe she had always been happy before she broke up with her boyfriend.

2-1. Tom has said she has been happy. Use this when Tom said once or more than once that she used to be happy in the recent past and up until now.

2-2. Tom has said she had been happy. Use this when Tom said once or more than once that she used to be happy before that time and up until when he said it -- or happy up until something made her stop being happy.

3-1. Tom will say that she has been happy. Use this when Tom is going to say it in the future, to talk about her happiness up to that time.

3-2. Tom will say that she had been happy. Use then when Tom is going to say it in the future, to talk about her happiness up to the time that something else occurred.
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