Dave's ESL Cafe's Student Discussion Forums

[Sandi0810]

Hi, teachers
Please help me with a fill in the blank question

The media coverage of punishment for violating moral rules is much more common than that of reward for observing them; thus, following the ethical code considered as the basis on which to build affectionate family and civilized society has been so eclipsed so much so that a false appearance emerges that only a few people really practice those rules of conduct; in fact, most people abide by morals simply out of conscience, avoiding (iii)___.

(A)qualms
(B)publicity
(C)punishment

ans:(B)

I choose punishment. Please tell me why (C) is wrong?

Thank you very much!

[Afra]

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[IanT]

Two reasons:

1) It says that people are behaving well out of conscience, which means because they think it's the right thing to do, not just because they want to avoid punishment.

and 2) if the purpose was to avoid punishment, then it would say "to avoid" at the end instead of avoiding. "avoiding publicity" is in the -ing form because it's not a purpose, just a description.

I admit it's a difficult one, because there is not much introducing the word publicity!

hope helps,
Ian
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