Venn Diagram of the English Catenatives

[metal56]

Surely "out" is a preposition. Here "out" is the opposite of "in" and "in" is clearly a preposition. If "out" is its opposite it is also a preposition. This of course only works with this sense of "out". In the sentence, "You're out!" (Someone caught the ball, etc.) "out" is an adjective.

I accept that "inside out" is a compound adverb although I do not think that it is necessary for any part of a compound adverb to be an adverb for the compound to be an adverb.

I'm still reserving judgement on what part of speach "inside" is.

?Turn (Rotate) the inside surface to become the outside surface.

Inside/outside becomes an adjective.

[metal56]

Andrew!

"He commanded him to go"

This is undoubtedly the correct usage of "command".

"He commanded that he go" is somewhat odd, in that the subjunctive suggests an element of choice or doubt about compliance, whereas "command" seems to me to demand compliance.

That is, it has much more "deotonic" force than even "insist", let alone "request" or "require".

Harzer

*Deontic*

[Stephen Jones]

"in" and "out" are only prepositions when followed by a noun.

He went out the door. ---prepostion
He went out. ----- adverb
He came in the cafe. -----preposition
He came in. ----- adverb

[Andrew Patterson]

OK, now we have a number of different opinions about the different parts of speach in "turn inside out, I'll summarise them here:

Turn:
I think everyone agrees that "turn" is a verb.

Inside:
Douglas Kilday (Sci-lang forum) thinks its a noun.
Steven thinks it is an adverb which also forms a compound adverb with "out".
Metal said it was an adjective.
I'm still sitting on the fence, I think it could be any one of these three parts of speech. However, I think that it can be narrowed down to one of these three, a preposition or a classless word. It can't possibly be a determiner, pronoun, conjunction or interjection.

Out:
I said it was a preposition, Steven said it was an adverb. Metal said sth interesting, I hope I understood right, that "out-" should be considered to be a prefix that replaces the "in-" prefix of "inside", ie what was "inside" is now "outside". If it's a prefix, it could just as easily form a noun, adverb, preposition or adjective. Again, it can't possibly be a determiner or conjunction, although, if "inside" is a noun, one could argue that "out" stands for the noun "outside" making it a pronoun. Its safer to think of nouns and pronouns together as "substantives", then this problem doesn't arise.

[ChiSquare8]

I love your Venn Diagram for verbs. I am presently taking a multi-media class and was curious what software you used? The onlu problem is I am having a problems formatting it to print in one page

well done

melissa

[Andrew Patterson]

Thank you Melissa,

I think you're the first person to say they actually LOVE my diagram, it's nice to know that my work is appreciated.

I use the program "Paint" to draw the diagram and I map the links using TomaWeb image-mapper. Everything else is plain old html.

I needed a lot of help with the programming at first. Lorikeet has been particularly helpful there.

Actuallly, I wouldn't recommend that you print the diagram on one sheet, if you do the writing will be too small to read. Save the diagram into "Paint" or a similar program and print it as three or four sheets in landscape. In "Paint" this is done by selecting "landscape" then "fit to" 1 by 3 or 1 by 4 page(s). If you look at print preview you'll see what you're getting and can decide if three or four sheets (or something else) is better for you. If you still want just one page then print as portrait and fit to 1 by 1 page(s).

Right now I'm working on the modals and section 23 and 24. I always appreciate constructive feedback if you see any mistakes or have ideas about how to develop the diagram.