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[Faustino]

Cigarette Consumption in Turkey

Cigarette consumption has been increasing in Turkey since 1970s regardless of the economic crises, high inflation rate and reducing purchasing power of the population. During 1970-2000, cigarette consumption in Turkey increased by 207%, from 37,506 million pieces in 1970 to 115,500 million pieces in 2000. During the same period, per capita cigarette consumption also increased by 34% from 90 packs in 1970 to 121 packs in 2000.

During 1990-1999, Turkey had the second highest growth rate in cigarette consumption in the world, only behind Pakistan. During this period consumption increased by 52% in Turkey.

In 1999, Turkey consumed 15% of total cigarettes smoked in the European and Central Asia (ECA) region. Total consumption in ECA was 757,151 million pieces, which was 15% of global cigarette consumption in that year. Overall, Turkey accounted for 2.2% of total world cigarette consumption in 1999.

Smoking is quite popular in Turkey for both males and females. In 1997, around 51.5% to 65% (depends on different survey results) adult males and 38% to 49% (depends on different survey results) adult females in Turkey were smokers. During 1995-1997, the prevalence rate for both adult males and adult females increased. There were several small-scale youth surveys in Turkey during the 1990s. In 1992 nationally representative survey revealed that 20% of high school students (15 to 17
years old) were daily smokers. According to a survey in 1996, smoking prevalence rate for boys aged 7-13 years old was 13.9% and for girls 9.1 (Emri S. 1998). A 1993 survey in Antalya province show that more than half of Turkish male physicians were smokers (Dedeoglu N, 1993). The percentage was slightly lower for their female counterparts.

Cigarette smoking is the major cause of lung cancer. Globally, 17 percent of all cancer deaths (26% among males and 9 % among females) are attributed to lung cancer in 1990s. 82.8 percent to 83.1 percent of deaths from lung cancer is attributed to cigarette smoking in 1990 and 1995 respectively. Globally, smoking attributed deaths for vascular disease has been increasing more than that of smoking attributed deaths for lung cancer and COPD combined during 1985-1995. The highest increase in percentage of smoking attributed deaths is observed in vascular disease category (12.86 %) compared to lung cancer (1.13 %) and COPD (7.16%) during 1985-1995. Percentage of smoking attributed death for vascular disease is 11 percent worldwide in 1995. Cardiovascular disease, in particular ischemic heart disease is the most common smoking related cause of death. On average, 16.6% of all causes of mortality is attributed
to ischemic heart disease globally in 1990s.

Turkey ranks 5th in the world in tobacco production after China, India, USA and Brazil and produces around 4% of the world tobacco. In terms of oriental tobacco, which constitutes 10% of world tobacco production, Turkey is the biggest producer. About 65% of oriental tobacco are produced in Turkey; the rest are produced in Greece (25%), Bulgaria and Yugoslavia (10%).



www1.worldbank.org/tobacco/ pdf/country%20briefs/Turkey.pdf

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[Faustino]

I feel sorry for guy's like Buerger. I mean, if you have a disease named after you, you're pretty much a goner. After all, you're obviously the first person ever to have it, so what chance is there of you getting cured?

Anyway, all these things happen when you're old, so no need to worry about it now.

[Faustino]

I've found something new to rant about. Smokers - I suggest lighting up while you read this...

Water Or Coke ???
Which one is the 'Real Thing' ???

We all know that water is important but you've never seen it written down like this before.

WATER
1. 75% of Americans are chronically dehydrated. (Likely applies to half world population.)

2. In 37% of Americans, the thirst mechanism is so weak that it is often mistaken for hunger.

3. Even MILD dehydration will slow down one's metabolism as much as 3%.

4. One glass of water will shut down midnight hunger pangs for almost 100% of the dieters studied in a University of Washington study.

5. Lack of water, the #1 trigger of daytime fatigue.

6. Preliminary research indicates that 8-10 glasses of water a day could significantly ease back and joint pain for up to 80% of sufferers.

7. A mere 2% drop in body water can trigger fuzzy short-term memory, trouble with basic math, and difficulty focusing on the computer screen or on a printed page.

8. Drinking 5 glasses of water daily decreases the risk of colon cancer by 45%, plus it can slash the risk of breast cancer by 79%, and one is 50%less likely to develop bladder cancer. Are you drinking the amount of water you should every day?



COKE
1. In many states (in the USA) the highway patrol carries two gallons of Coke in the trunk to remove blood from the highway after a car accident.

2. You can put a T-bone steak in a bowl of coke and it will be gone in two days.

3. To clean a toilet: Pour a can of Coca-Cola into the toilet bowl and let the "real thing" sit for one hour, then flush clean. The citric acid in Coke removes stains from vitreous china.

4. To remove rust spots from chrome car bumpers: Rub the bumper with a rumpled-up piece of Reynolds Wrap aluminum foil dipped in Coca-Cola.

5. To clean corrosion from car battery terminals: Pour a can of Coca-Cola over the terminals to bubble away the corrosion.

6. To loosen a rusted bolt: Applying a cloth soaked in Coca-Cola to the rusted bolt for several minutes.

7. To bake a moist ham: Empty a can of Coca-Cola into the baking pan, wrap the ham in aluminum foil, and bake. Thirty minutes before the ham is finished, remove the foil, allowing the drippings to mix with the Coke for a sumptuous brown gravy.

8. To remove grease from clothes: Empty a can of coke into a load of greasy clothes, add detergent, and run through a regular cycle. The Coca-Cola will help loosen grease stains. It will also clean road haze from your windshield.



FOR YOUR INFORMATION:
1. The active ingredient in Coke is phosphoric acid. Its pH is 2.8. It will dissolve a nail in about four days. Phosphoric acid also leaches calcium from bones and is a major contributor to the rising increase in osteoporosis.

2. To carry Coca-Cola syrup (the concentrate) the commercial truck must use the Hazardous Material place cards reserved for highly corrosive materials.

3. The distributors of coke have been using it to clean the engines of their trucks for about 20 years!


Now the question is, would YOU like a glass of water or Coke?

[It's That Way]

I smoke therefore I am

Can i get rolling backy in Turkey, I was in Istanbul a few years back and could only find it off the boys selling stuff by the river

[molly farquharson]

that wasn't tobacco...

[Faustino]

What were you doing fraternising with young boys down by the river? Sounds well dodgy to me.

Are you trying to tell us that you would cease to exisit if you couldn't smoke?

[molly farquharson]

to answer your question, you can get rolling tobacco at most shops that sell mostly cigarettes. There is one at the entrance to the Cicek Pasaji. They sell those cute little Irani cigarettes too.

[Baba Alex]

[Faustino]

No, just water or coke.

[molly farquharson]

what's scrumpy?

[Faustino]

Cider.

[It's That Way]

[calsimsek]

Long live the land of the great puff. The sweet smell of an 2000 Bin in the morning. The taste of a of smoke going through your lungs late at night with a good coffee or long beer. There are so few pleasuers left in this world, please Aunti leave us this sin to carry with us to our graves.
(P.S have cut back to half a pack a day.)

[Baba Alex]