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pot is good for you??
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paperbag princess



Joined: 07 Mar 2004
Location: veggie hell

PostPosted: Sun Mar 05, 2006 5:45 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

the war on drugs is a load of crap, based primarily on racial/socio-economic superiority. throughout the history of america, as long as rich, white dudes were enjoying any particular drug (opium, cocaine, marijuana), it was considered to be an acceptable, and even at time "gentlemanly" behaviour. only when the lower classes have acess to a drug, is it then considered to be a dirty habit.

i've just finished reading a really interesting book called, "cocaine: the unauthorised biography" by dominic streatfield. he draws some very interesting anaylisis of the war of drugs, media, science and ofcourse politics. he is not overtly pro-drug, so before any of you right-wingers start calling it hippie b-s, i suggest you go buy the book and read it.

the age old debate, why are some drugs legal and others are not. alcohol has been proven time and time again, to be really bad for us, yet it is still legal in most countries.

remember in the 80s when news shows were featuring stories on crack babies, those babies were infact feutal-alcohol syndrome babies, yet crack is still illegal. i'm not saying crack is good for you either. i would touch it with a 10-foot pole, however one must ask why it is illegal when alcohol does more damage.
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Satori



Joined: 09 Dec 2005
Location: Above it all

PostPosted: Mon Mar 06, 2006 2:20 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

vox wrote:
I think at a certain point the polemic ideals that we cherish in our teens and twenties give way to real experiences which take more real estate in the memory, and demand more consideration. Although that is always a danger to generalize about people, when it comes to things instead of people, like pot and alcohol and cigs, it is quite responsible to be practical and acknowledge trends.

By all means, run your own life like this, making anecdotal evicence primary. But the issue of legalising pot is out there in the public politcal domain, where one needs to be slightly more inscrutable. Thus credibility goes to those with information gained large sample surveys administered by impartial professionals and based on scientific data analysis principles.
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vox



Joined: 13 Feb 2005
Location: Jeollabukdo

PostPosted: Mon Mar 06, 2006 2:27 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Satori wrote:
By all means, run your own life like this, making anecdotal evicence primary. But the issue of legalising pot is out there in the public politcal domain, where one needs to be slightly more inscrutable. Thus credibility goes to those with information gained large sample surveys administered by impartial professionals and based on scientific data analysis principles.


And your credibility is **so** sterling. Wink Of course those with information gained by large samples populate both sides of the camp.

Care to go into another link cut-and-paste contest?
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Hollywoodaction



Joined: 02 Jul 2004

PostPosted: Mon Mar 06, 2006 2:37 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Well, the way I see it, if you dig deep enough, you'll find that pretty much everything we consume can be found to have some harmful side affects to our health (toothpaste because it contains fluoride, soda because the cans are aluminium, etc).
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paperbag princess



Joined: 07 Mar 2004
Location: veggie hell

PostPosted: Mon Mar 06, 2006 2:46 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

speaking of this, 60minutes is running the "prince of pot" right now. he's a bit crazy, but seems ok.

here's the link if you want to read about it:

http://www.cannabisculture.com/

obviously, this is a biased site, but the 60 minutes script is on there.
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Satori



Joined: 09 Dec 2005
Location: Above it all

PostPosted: Mon Mar 06, 2006 2:53 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Dearest vox, a note about references. It`s good that we are now refering to articles, and not just blowing hot anecdotal air. However, not all references are of the same calibre, nor carry the same weigth in debate.

Your link about the sperm was not a link to an actual study but to a page in an online men`s magazine. It refers to a study, but there is very little way for us to verify this study or know anything about how professionally it was administered and processed. You also left out the most important part of the article

Quote:
At the present time the researchers are unable to say how long it takes for the sperm to get back to normal if the drug is stopped.

At present this is only one study with quite a small sample. Fertility does depend on a lot of other factors, exercise, diet, health of the individual, cigarette smoking etc. Further research is needed.


Your link about erections was from a webpage of a company selling herbal sex remedies! It featured an "advice columnist", who referenced NO surveys in his reply, and concluded that the readers problems would be well sorted out if they were to by his product!

Your link about language function development and possible schizophrenia in heavy using teenagers is also not a study but an article referencing a study. The article is quite poorly worded, and includes spelling mistakes. The technical jargon does not sound convincing. And I can`t find the actual study it referes to no matter how hard I try. While this lowers the credibility of this reference, and I think we need to be linked to the actual study it`s self, I`m not suggesting it`s wrong outright. It makes sense for teenagers not to smoke pot until they are fully matured adults. And it makes sense to not be a heavy user. But the potential for impaired language development in heavy using teenagers is not a broad enough negative to qualify as a point against the legalisation of pot. Legalisation would, in fact, probably make it easier to keep pot out of the hands of the under aged.

Your link to the article about throat cancer again was not a study but an article, and the language was very impecise. The conditions of the study were very sketchily laid out. The conclusion, a very vague, "smoking pot heavily probably increases your chances of getting some kinds of cancer". This is about the carcinogenic properties of ANY smoke that is inhaled, and not something that is inherent to pot. This has nothing to do with the pcyho-active incredient ( THC ) in pot that causes the high. One can, as you know, make a cake, or use a "vapourisor" to get a much much cleaner high.

So, in light of closer inspection, your volley of references was not quite as devastating as you might have liked.
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the eye



Joined: 29 Jan 2004

PostPosted: Mon Mar 06, 2006 3:06 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

paperbag princess wrote:
speaking of this, 60minutes is running the "prince of pot" right now. he's a bit crazy, but seems ok.

here's the link if you want to read about it:

http://www.cannabisculture.com/

obviously, this is a biased site, but the 60 minutes script is on there.


interesting.
that DEA sponsored raid on Emery's business was also responsible for the downfall of one of my fav websites....OVERGROW.com, which advertised the sale of seeds. but that's not why i like the site. Wink
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khyber



Joined: 16 Jan 2003
Location: Compunction Junction

PostPosted: Mon Mar 06, 2006 4:14 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

I see pot as something that CAN exploit people's weeknesses. I HAVE SEEN people skid out from smokin' pot: not even too much...just from smokin'. I have also seen Chronics works 14hrs a day for weeks at a stretch. Don't kid yourself into thinking that pot users are all braindead losers: They are all over the map (as MY anecdotal evidence claims). Why don't you accept my anedoctal evidence as enough of a claim?

http://www.substanceabusepolicy.com/content/1/1/2THAT is an ACTUAL study done by scientists in a lab. I can only hope that, perhaps this study will shed some light on your opinion of your friends.

RE: where is the evidence for my "hunting stoned" claim.
It is as anedoctal as yours. MANY of my work compatriots did it. They didn't like drinking until the hunting day was done..then they got slammed. But while they were out in the bush, they were stoned the whole time.....said it calmed their nerves....

Quote:

Care to go into another link cut-and-paste contest?
so long as its quality and not quantity. It seems like the half dozen(ish) sites you have put up have all had glaring inconsistencies/errors/poorly presented information.

and ps....that was really cool that you insulted my wife. Was that supposed to be witty or cutting? Either way, it's kinda stupid you had to make that lame ass joke dude. Don't be a dick: I would like to think you're more intelligent than that.

oh...and a NEW medical benefit of marijuana was found fairly recently:
Quote:
Administration of... cannabidiol (CBD) prevents retinal cell death in the diabetic retina, and may one day prevent blindness in diabetic patients, according to preclinical data published in the current issue of the American Journal of Pathology.
Researchers at the Medical College of Virginia, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, investigated the protective effects of CBD in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats after one, two, or four weeks.
"Experimental diabetes induced significant increases in oxidative stress, retinal neuronal cell death, and vascular permeability," investigators wrote. "CBD treatment significantly reduced oxidative stress, decreased ... vascular endothelial growth, ... and prevented retinal cell death. ... These results demonstrate that CBD treatment reduced neurotoxicity, inflammation, and blood-retinal barrier (BRB) breakdown in diabetic animals."
Diabetic retinopathy, which is characterized by retinal oxygen deprivation and a breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier, affects approximately 16,000 Americans and is the leading cause of blindness in working-age adults.
Previous studies have shown CBD to prevent against neurotoxicity associated with stroke, cerebral infarction (localized cell death in the brain), and ethanol-induced brain damage. Clinical trials have also shown CBD to possess anti-tumoral properties - inhibiting the growth of glioma (brain tumor) cells in a dose dependent manner and selectively inducing apoptosis (programmed cell death) in malignant cells.
For more information, please contact Paul Armentano, NORML Senior Policy Analyst, at (202) 483-5500. Full text of the study, "Neuroprotective and blood-retinal barrier-preserving effects of cannabidiol in experimental diabetes," appears in the January issue the American Journal of Pathology.
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Satori



Joined: 09 Dec 2005
Location: Above it all

PostPosted: Mon Mar 06, 2006 5:19 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Nice link to a GENUINE AND VERIFYABLE STUDY kyber. I particularly liked this part...
Quote:
Robust statistical methods controlling for heteroscedasticity, non-normality and extreme values found no differences in motivation
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vox



Joined: 13 Feb 2005
Location: Jeollabukdo

PostPosted: Mon Mar 06, 2006 8:05 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

[quote="Satori"]Nice link to a GENUINE AND VERIFYABLE STUDY kyber. I particularly liked this part...
[quote]

the question is can you pronounce it...

Satori,

When you were in pimp school, did they teach you that going on the offensive was a sufficient technique to preserve a double-standard? You have no place protesting my use of a dubious herb-pushing article while simultaneously pasting a dubious weed-pushing article. I am heart-broken that you failed to see the sweet irony of my botanical reciprocity. You see the splinter in my eye but you have failed to see the log in your own. And I thought for sure anything that looked like a big spliff you would definitely have noticed. -sniff-

This is the kind of study I think you are groping for, but seem unable to produce. Why didn't you talk about any of the other links?

Oh I forgot. Because you have an addiction for an agenda.

Quote:
Cognitive functioning of long-term heavy cannabis users seeking treatment.

Solowij N, Stephens RS, Roffman RA, Babor T, Kadden R, Miller M, Christiansen K, McRee B, Vendetti J; Marijuana Treatment Project Research Group.

National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [email protected]

CONTEXT: Cognitive impairments are associated with long-term cannabis use, but the parameters of use that contribute to impairments and the nature and endurance of cognitive dysfunction remain uncertain. OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of duration of cannabis use on specific areas of cognitive functioning among users seeking treatment for cannabis dependence. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Multisite retrospective cross-sectional neuropsychological study conducted in the United States (Seattle, Wash; Farmington, Conn; and Miami, Fla) between 1997 and 2000 among 102 near-daily cannabis users (51 long-term users: mean, 23.9 years of use; 51 shorter-term users: mean, 10.2 years of use) compared with 33 nonuser controls. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Measures from 9 standard neuropsychological tests that assessed attention, memory, and executive functioning, and were administered prior to entry to a treatment program and following a median 17-hour abstinence. RESULTS: Long-term cannabis users performed significantly less well than shorter-term users and controls on tests of memory and attention. On the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, long-term users recalled significantly fewer words than either shorter-term users (P =.001) or controls (P =.005); there was no difference between shorter-term users and controls. Long-term users showed impaired learning (P =.007), retention (P =.003), and retrieval (P =.002) compared with controls. Both user groups performed poorly on a time estimation task (P<.001 vs controls). Performance measures often correlated significantly with the duration of cannabis use, being worse with increasing years of use, but were unrelated to withdrawal symptoms and persisted after controlling for recent cannabis use and other drug use. CONCLUSIONS: These results confirm that long-term heavy cannabis users show impairments in memory and attention that endure beyond the period of intoxication and worsen with increasing years of regular cannabis use.


Medicine made from cannabis, and smoking marijuana are, as has repeatedly emerged on this thread, not the same issue. And you really should get about the business of admitting that difference, especially if you're going to start quoting pro-medical marijuana magazines, which themselves quote studies like the above, which in turn cast doubt on the practice of smoking.

Maybe some clarity, putting down the doobie, and pulling out a marker and a big piece of paper to draw a line would help you trace your logic. Before you start ranting about your agreement, you should consider explaining just what it is you have been protesting and for which you imagine you have provided such a shining alternative. Because on the former you have provided nothing and on the latter you have nothing. And don't start with the references. Your hot air is every bit as dogmatic as anything you've protested. And before you rally the pro-medical marijuana forces to your banner, it might help to read something from them about their mission, which doesn't jive with your mission:

Quote:
Our Mission
Americans for Safe Access is the largest national grassroots coalition working solely to protect the rights of patients and doctors to use marijuana for medical purposes. Our mission is to ensure safe, legal access to marijuana for all who are helped by it.


Don't bust a blood vessel trying to think about why they might have included that qualifying clause. It wouldn't be the same here without you. Khyber doesn't say hello before hitting and he whines when I hit back.
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vox



Joined: 13 Feb 2005
Location: Jeollabukdo

PostPosted: Mon Mar 06, 2006 8:56 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

double post

Last edited by vox on Mon Mar 06, 2006 8:58 pm; edited 1 time in total
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vox



Joined: 13 Feb 2005
Location: Jeollabukdo

PostPosted: Mon Mar 06, 2006 8:56 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Satori wrote:
Your link about the sperm was not a link to an actual study but to a page in an online men`s magazine. It refers to a study, but there is very little way for us to verify this study or know anything about how professionally it was administered and processed. You also left out the most important part of the article

Quote:
At the present time the researchers are unable to say how long it takes for the sperm to get back to normal if the drug is stopped.

At present this is only one study with quite a small sample. Fertility does depend on a lot of other factors, exercise, diet, health of the individual, cigarette smoking etc. Further research is needed.


No I believe the most important part of the article could be found by continuing to follow the article into its parent article (not related to promoting herbs or weeds - in fact, distinctly not involved in the pot debate at all, quite apart from all of your references) here:

Quote:
Smokers Have Lower Total Sperm Count
Men who smoke marijuana frequently have significantly less seminal fluid, a lower total sperm count and their sperm behave abnormally, all of which may affect fertility adversely, a new study in reproductive physiology at the University at Buffalo has shown.
This study is the first to assess marijuana's effects on specific swimming behavior of sperm from marijuana smokers and to compare the results with sperm from men with confirmed fertility. Marijuana contains the cannabinoid drug THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), which is its primary psychoactive chemical, as well as other cannabinoids.
Results of the study were presented at the annual meeting of the American Society of Reproductive Medicine in San Antonio. "The bottom line is, the active ingredients in marijuana are doing something to sperm, and the numbers are in the direction toward infertility," said Lani J. Burkman, Ph.D., lead author on the study. Burkman is assistant professor of gynecology/obstetrics and urology and head of the Section on Andrology in the UB School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences. UB's andrology laboratory also carries out sophisticated diagnosis for infertile couples.

"We don't know exactly what is happening to change sperm functioning," said Burkman, "but we think it is one of two things: THC may be causing improper timing of sperm function by direct stimulation, or it may be bypassing natural inhibition mechanisms. Whatever the cause, the sperm are swimming too fast too early." This aberrant pattern has been connected to infertility in other studies, she noted.
Further research in the andrology laboratory showed that human sperm exposed to high levels of THC displayed abnormal changes in the sperm enzyme cap, called the acrosome. When researchers tested synthetic anandamide equivalents on human sperm, the normal vigorous swimming patterns were changed and the sperm showed reduced ability to attach to the egg before fertilization. Only about 10 laboratories in the U.S. perform this array of sperm function tests.
In the current study, Burkman received seminal fluid from 22 confirmed marijuana smokers and subjected the samples to a variety of tests. The volunteers reported smoking marijuana approximately 14 times a week, and for an average of 5.1 years.
Control numbers were obtained from 59 fertile men who had produced a pregnancy. All men abstained from sexual activity for two days before the lab analysis.
The samples from both groups were tested for volume, sperm-count-per-unit of seminal fluid, total sperm count, percent of sperm that was moving, velocity and sperm shape.
Results showed that both the volume of seminal fluid and the total number of sperm from marijuana smokers were significantly less than for fertile control men. Significant differences also appeared when HA and velocity, both before and after washing, were assessed, the study found.
"The sperm from marijuana smokers were moving too fast too early," said Burkman. "The timing was all wrong. These sperm will experience burnout before they reach the egg and would not be capable of fertilization."
Burkman noted that many men who smoke marijuana have fathered children. "The men who are most affected likely have naturally occurring borderline fertility potential, and THC from marijuana may push them over the edge into infertility," she said.
As to the question of whether fertility potential returns when smokers stop using marijuana: Burkman said the issue hasn't been studied well enough to provide a definitive answer.
"THC remains stored in fat for a long period, so the process may be quite slow. We can't say that everything will go back to normal. Most men who have borderline fertility are unaware of that fact. It's difficult to know who is at risk. I definitely would advise anyone trying to conceive not to smoke marijuana, and that would include women as well as men."


And of course there is all the information to request from the appropriate organizations...

...not that it really matters in your case though...

As long as we're rooting for prohibition from teens and access limited only to adults I guess I should pull this out... hopefully some reasonable person will come along... it sure is getting lonely in here in that respect...

Quote:
Dec 5 2005

Larger Doses Can Triple the Risk, Study Finds
Driving after smoking even a small amount of marijuana almost doubles the risk of a fatal highway accident, according to an extensive study of 10,748 drivers involved in fatal crashes between 2001 and 2003.
A study by the French National Institute for Transport and Safety Research published in the British Medical Journal found that seven percent of drivers involved in a fatal highway crash used marijuana.

The researchers estimated that at least 2.5 percent of the 10,748 fatal crashes studied were directly caused by the use of marijuana.

The researchers concluded that the risk of being responsible for a fatal crash increased as the blood concentration of THC, the active ingredient in marijuana, increased. Even small amounts of marijuana could double the chance of a driver suffering an accident, researchers said, and larger doses could more than triple the risk.

The number of highway deaths contributed the smoking pot were significant, even though they were dwarfed by the number caused by drinking alcohol.

Of the drivers involved in fatal accidents, 21.4 percent tested positive for alcohol consumption. Alcohol was estimated to be responsible for 28.6 percent of all fatal highway accidents.
The French research found that 2.9 percent of drivers involved in fatal crashes tested positive for both marijuana and alcohol. Men were more often involved in fatal crashes than women and were more often tested positive for both marijuana and alcohol.

Totally Irresponsible
Young drivers and drivers of motorcycles and mopeds were also more likely to test positive for both substances.
"Research like this proves just how dangerous it is to take drugs, and then get behind the wheel of a car," Roger Vincent, of the Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents, told the BBC. "It is totally irresponsible, as taking drugs such as cannabis does affect your reactions."

Source: The study was published in the Dec. 3, 2005 issue of the British Medical Journal.


http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/content/vol331/issue7528/

I could go on, but of course I'm talking to a pothead so, why bother?
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endo



Joined: 14 Mar 2004
Location: Seoul...my home

PostPosted: Mon Mar 06, 2006 9:54 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

vox wrote:
VOX
I hope I got your attention. Wink
I'm really just curious; but have you ever smoked herb and if so what were your experiences like?
I would just like to know if someone with your viewpoint has ever had any experience with marijuana.
Thanks in advance.


Dude, I'd love to discuss whether or not I've ever had any personal experience with marijuana but the issues deserve to get dealt with on their own terms. Besides there isn't an answer I could give either way that an addict couldn't equivocate to try and shut down discussion, so...

I did mention earlier that I counted in my life eleven different people, most of them friends, some of them close, who started out as beautiful people with their own quirks, and one by one descended into paranoia from pot, and suffered problems in their work relationships and in their personal relationships and are still messed up today in various states of indisputable f**ked-upness. But actually I am wrong about the number of users I know enough to keep track of their lives. Actually it's a lot more. I came from a hard neighborhood where now the Hell's Angels distribute (it used to be individual growers just helping out their friends) and I escaped most of the desperation of that environment and went on to university and had a kind of an unusual but really rewarding career in the arts, and on the way I got to meet users from many different social backgrounds.

One was a friend who was all about cannabis legalization, preached moderation but abused it during hard financial times and now you can't even say hello to him without him trying to second-guess your motive for a greeting.

Some were pushers who just got too into their product.

One - brief girlfriend, a prestigiously published writer/poet - was manipulated by a pusher-friend into the creativity crap theory and today can't write without pot and can't produce when on pot and has lots of personality problems when she's off pot (the Beatles had a very interesting, telling experiment on drugs and creativity. They taped a session they played on dope or coke... it doesn't matter they estimated equally their heightened creativity. When they came down from their high, they were mortified with embarassment at the s**t they recorded and hid the tape for the longest time)

Some of them were D&D players who would become useless after smoke break.

Most of them however were moderate occasional users with jobs between $24K-$40K+. A very close friend tried to quit, couldn't and socially disintegrated.

Some came from rich families, some came from working class families, some came from the hood, but THE ONE THING THAT THEY ALL SHARE in common today is that they are all hopelessly f**ked up, have no understanding of how to manage their own finances, have potential that will never get realized, and spout the gospel of Satori, even while they are chronically underemployed and having profound problems finding good love. All of them. Some have stolen jewelry from their own parents at Christmas dinner reconciliations, and some have not paid heating (oil) bills for months and chopped up their furniture for kindling to stay warm, some are in construction but are unreliable workers, some are in jail for petty crimes, some are working in technology and have to push their habit away during quarterly reports just to be productive, some bookkeep for small companies and also have to keep their habit at a distance in order to get stuff done, but one thing is for sure I COULD NEVER GET ALL OF THEM IN THE SAME ROOM. They come from all over. They're all on pot. Most of them preach moderation. None of them are in control.

I think at a certain point the polemic ideals that we cherish in our teens and twenties give way to real experiences which take more real estate in the memory, and demand more consideration. Although that is always a danger to generalize about people, when it comes to things instead of people, like pot and alcohol and cigs, it is quite responsible to be practical and acknowledge trends.[/quote]



Thanks for answering my question. Stats are good, but real life stories are more interesting in many ways.

So I guess this youngster had something meaningful to contribute to the conversation. (see old post of yours)


Pot isn't great for your health (although there are some positive effects), however no one has yet to show me why it should remain illegal while alcohol remains legal while ganga is not.

It's a double stadard and alcohol is much much worse for you. Why is the government able to tell me what and what I can't put in my body.

As long as I don't hurt anybody else, it shouldn't be anybodies buisness.


It just doesn't make any sense to me.
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the eye



Joined: 29 Jan 2004

PostPosted: Tue Mar 07, 2006 12:51 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Endo.....

Where are you from? You mention 'Hell's Angels' country. Are you from northeastern Ontario, or Quebec?
Also, you reiterate the age old question of, 'why does alcohol remain legal and pot does not?'.

Perhaps someone here can offer some opinion on that? Vox?

Consider all the social problems that alcohol presents:
-impaired driving
-violent behavior
-addiction
-withdrawal symptoms (nausea, shakes, sweating, anxiety)
-liver disease
-liver failure
-fetal alcohol syndrome
-diabetes
-obesity
-depression

http://store.health.org/catalog/facts.aspx?topic=3
Statistics

Almost half of Americans aged 12 or older reported being current drinkers of alcohol in the 2001 survey (48.3 percent). This translates to an estimated 109 million people. Both the rate of alcohol use and the number of drinkers increased from 2000, when 104 million, or 46.6 percent, of people aged 12 or older reported drinking in the past 30 days.

Approximately one fifth (20.5 percent) of persons aged 12 or older participated in binge drinking at least once in the 30 days prior to the survey. Although the number of current drinkers increased between 2000 and 2001, the number of those reporting binge drinking did not change significantly.

Heavy drinking was reported by 5.7 percent of the population aged 12 or older, or 12.9 million people. These 2001 estimates are similar to the 2000 estimates.

The prevalence of current alcohol use in 2001 increased with increasing age for youths, from 2.6 percent at age 12 to a peak of 67.5 percent for persons 21 years old. Unlike prevalence patterns observed for cigarettes and illicit drugs, current alcohol use remained steady among older age groups. For people aged 21 to 25 and those aged 26 to 34, the rates of current alcohol use in 2001 were 64.3 and 59.9 percent, respectively. The prevalence of alcohol use was slightly lower for persons in their 40s. Past month drinking was reported by 45.6 percent of respondents aged 60 to 64, and 33.0 percent of persons 65 or older (Figure 3.1).

The highest prevalence of both binge and heavy drinking in 2001 was for young adults aged 18 to 25, with the peak rate occurring at age 21. The rate of binge drinking was 38.7 percent for young adults and 48.2 percent at age 21. Heavy alcohol use was reported by 13.6 percent of persons aged 18 to 25, and by 17.8 percent of persons aged 21. Binge and heavy alcohol use rates decreased faster with increasing age than did rates of past month alcohol use. While 55.2 percent of the population aged 45 to 49 in 2001 were current drinkers, 19.1 percent of persons within this age range binge drank and 5.4 percent drank heavily (Figure 3.1). Binge and heavy drinking were relatively rare among people aged 65 or older, with reported rates of 5.8 and 1.4 percent, respectively.

Among youths aged 12 to 17, an estimated 17.3 percent used alcohol in the month prior to the survey interview. This rate was higher than the rate of youth alcohol use reported in 2000 (16.4 percent). Of all youths, 10.6 percent were binge drinkers, and 2.5 percent were heavy drinkers. These are roughly the same percentages as those reported in 2000 (10.4 and 2.6 percent, respectively).
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SPINOZA



Joined: 10 Jun 2005
Location: $eoul

PostPosted: Tue Mar 07, 2006 1:44 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Paperbag Princess wrote:


remember in the 80s when news shows were featuring stories on crack babies, those babies were infact feutal-alcohol syndrome babies, yet crack is still illegal. i'm not saying crack is good for you either. i would touch it with a 10-foot pole, however one must ask why it is illegal when alcohol does more damage.




Personally speaking, I don't disagree with that point at all. But an argument I have heard is that there's less justification to de-criminalize crack or indeed its parent drug cocaine because they aren't physically addictive. Unlike alcohol, tobacco and heroin, coke and crack addicts could just quit today and suffer no physical withdrawal symptoms. Of course, that's superficial. Crack and coke are addictive - psychologically addictive - and this is real addiction. Addiction clearly doesn't have to be physical.

Legalize them all, that's what I say! Of immediate, emergency concern is the decriminalization of heroin because that drug is responsible for so much (a) black market profit which the state is missing out on and (b} crime perpetrated by addicts and (c) the cost of fruitless policing. Obviously, decriminalization of drugs will bring problems but those problems would be far better problems to have than the (a), (b) and (c) above.

The whole drugs situation is a total mess. It'll be better when our generation is more powerful and the current 60s and 70s lot are old and discover that they cannot get a state pension because of the costs of throwing money at drugs over the years (and those problems will still be there). In years to come, we will view this point in history as we NOW view the Prohibition era.
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