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Teaching countable and uncountable nouns

 
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AbbeFaria



Joined: 17 May 2005
Location: Gangnam

PostPosted: Wed Nov 22, 2006 7:13 am    Post subject: Teaching countable and uncountable nouns Reply with quote

I've got a section in one of my text books that goes over this subject, but it's really not very helpful. I'm kind of fumbling through it, but I'd like to know if anyone has any good lesson ideas for this sort of thing.

Thanks,
-S-
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poet13



Joined: 22 Jan 2006
Location: Just over there....throwing lemons.

PostPosted: Thu Nov 23, 2006 1:34 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

I do this thing where I draw a cute puppy dog on the whiteboard or blackboard. We choose a name for it. Put a collar on it.
Then I draw a blender around it.
Then I turn the belnder on.
Kind of shocking, and good for a laugh.
Then I ask them, "Why not?", and listen to the anguished protests and laughs.
Then I draw a package of chicken wings and drummies on the board, and we talk about how they are the same concept. Then we talk about "some" vs "a".
The puppy dog thing helps it stick in their minds.
I dont try to teach them lists of countable vs count.
I teach them one concept.
Unit.
If you can add a unit to it, you can count it.
If you take away the unit, you can't count it.

I spend a good bit of time getting examples from the class of each type of noun.

(yes, I'm sure someone can show me an exception, and I would be delighted to hear about it)
The nice thing about that LP method is that it works for almost all levels.
Hope that helps.
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Captain Corea



Joined: 28 Feb 2005
Location: Seoul

PostPosted: Thu Nov 23, 2006 2:19 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

I use food as my examples; how chicken can be countable (the bird) or uncountable (the meat).
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gweilo_farang



Joined: 23 Oct 2006

PostPosted: Thu Nov 23, 2006 5:00 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

poet13 wrote:
I do this thing where I draw a cute puppy dog on the whiteboard or blackboard. We choose a name for it. Put a collar on it.
Then I draw a blender around it.
Then I turn the belnder on.
Kind of shocking, and good for a laugh.
Then I ask them, "Why not?", and listen to the anguished protests and laughs.
Then I draw a package of chicken wings and drummies on the board, and we talk about how they are the same concept. Then we talk about "some" vs "a".
The puppy dog thing helps it stick in their minds.
I dont try to teach them lists of countable vs count.
I teach them one concept.
Unit.
If you can add a unit to it, you can count it.
If you take away the unit, you can't count it.


It certainly makes a lot of sense to do sth along those lines. At the same time, it's interesting where this leads us, isn't it? It shows us that grammar is (partially, at least) the way it is because we humans use it to conceptualize and view the world in a certain conventionalized way (as cognitive linguists like Lakoff, Langacker et al would argue). It's not about abstract rules that need to be memorized or lists of words that are +count or -count. The puppy example is not unacceptable because it's "bad grammar" - it has to do with our particular cultural convention about eating things like "mashed potato" rather than "mashed puppy" - and our aversion to hurting "cute" things. The noun "puppy" does not intrinsically carry the semantic feature +count (-mass) - as some traditional grammar books would like to argue. Of course, things that are living are likely to be experienced as separate entities. But we could surely imagine a situation in some distant kingdom where the culture was different and it was a common practice to transform puppies into a mass. It then it would be acceptable to say sth like "have some more puppy" "pass the mashed puppy" etc. And once we had turned our unfortunate puppy into a mass, we add unit words to make it countable again - "Have another scoop of puppy". (I'm an animal lover and vegetarian and don't advocate this - it's just for illustrating a point).

Or less radical examples - this time where mass is conceptualized as count

Give me 2 coffees to go. [cups]
How many sugars? [packets/lumps]
The following are less obvious and more poetic - what are the "units"?
The waters of the Nile
The snows of Kilamanjaro
The mists of Avalon
The sands of time
The day the rains came..

This is getting away from practical ideas about teaching (apologies!) - but anyone interested in the linguistics behind this can have a lot of fun by taking ostensibly "count" and "noncount" nouns in traditional grammatical descriptions of English and plugging them into a google search. You'd be surprised how people use language in the real world outside of grammar books (and ESL/EFL classrooms!). Given a suitable context, anything can pretty much be made into count or mass [I'd love to hear what ppl feel would be totally impossible - because, admittedly, some things would take a LOT of context to make them work] What is "acceptable" then becomes more to do with imagination than "grammar".
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poet13



Joined: 22 Jan 2006
Location: Just over there....throwing lemons.

PostPosted: Thu Nov 23, 2006 5:54 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

gweilo_farang...

Cool. Some of your examples at the end were ones I've known for most of my life, but never thought about. Maybe it's the dumbing down part of teaching ESL. I don't mean that in a disparative way, but as a person who writes poetry, and given the level of English I teach, I would never dream of mixing the two.
As for using the puppy dog, you make an interesting point, because in this country, I have been asked exactly that, albeit jokingly, "Would you like/have some more puppy dog?" (yes please). So this culture DOES use dogs in that fashion, even though many of the generation I teach don't eat it as commonly as their parents. Even though they are all aware that dog is eaten here, and in my classes, perhaps 20% have actually eaten it, the shock value, and hence, concept recall value of using such an example, is worth perhaps for some people, the "disgust factor".
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gweilo_farang



Joined: 23 Oct 2006

PostPosted: Thu Nov 23, 2006 7:14 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

poet13 wrote:
gweilo_farang...

Cool. Some of your examples at the end were ones I've known for most of my life, but never thought about. Maybe it's the dumbing down part of teaching ESL. I don't mean that in a disparative way, but as a person who writes poetry, and given the level of English I teach, I would never dream of mixing the two.
As for using the puppy dog, you make an interesting point, because in this country, I have been asked exactly that, albeit jokingly, "Would you like/have some more puppy dog?" (yes please). So this culture DOES use dogs in that fashion, even though many of the generation I teach don't eat it as commonly as their parents. Even though they are all aware that dog is eaten here, and in my classes, perhaps 20% have actually eaten it, the shock value, and hence, concept recall value of using such an example, is worth perhaps for some people, the "disgust factor".

Hello Poet,

[BTW, have you ever read Lakoff & Jonhson's Metaphors We Live By? ]

Yeah, we don't really have to go to a "distant kingdom" for mass puppy. But, as you say, it's not everybody who eats/has eaten it. So, if Korean were a language with a mass-count distinction like English, I could imagine a Gullivers Travel type-war breaking out in Korea between traditional grammarians who argued that the noun "dog" was "count" and those who said it was "mass"...

That's great you're a poet! So the examples will make more sense to you. I was teaching linguistics to a bunch of Korean teachers in a TESOL program a few years back and thought I'd play with their ultra-traditional views of "grammar" with the mass-count thing. There were a few creative folks who caught on to the "grammar as conceptualization" idea, while the majority were shocked that native speakers [I used real data from google] could "break the rules of English grammar".

It's so sad that the traditional idea of grammar as sth outside of human experience with arbitrary rules that have to be obeyed at all cost is so ingrained in our brains. We all need more poetry...and then we will be in charge. And also maybe we'll understand "grammar" a bit better...
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poet13



Joined: 22 Jan 2006
Location: Just over there....throwing lemons.

PostPosted: Thu Nov 23, 2006 7:24 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Please stop using such big words. lol. I'm not a trained teacher, I dont have a degree in education, I dont' have a TESOL, TEFL, TOSEL, .....I'm not even actually qualified to teach (that damn degree doesn't qulify anybody to do anything) but in a way, I feel more qualified than most of the people here I meet. And that's only because I love sharing. Teaching? Not sure what that is. That's a huge concept. Rather, I love sharing the little bit of what I am pretty sure about. Fortunately (agghhhh, here come that damned ego), I am sure about a fair number of things.
To me, units is the most fundemental way I can think about count vs non-count.
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poet13



Joined: 22 Jan 2006
Location: Just over there....throwing lemons.

PostPosted: Thu Nov 23, 2006 7:34 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

In re-reading, how is the concept of dog breaking the rules of grammar. you mentioned it twice, but i still dont get it. I mean, if you can chop it up into constituent pieces, then you have a non-count "thing". I think it would be a more shocking example in the US or Canada, but then again, the idea of chopping up a horse for food would be more natural to a frenchman than an American (US,CA,ME,....). If I have broken a grammar rule somewhere there, please DO tell me where so I can at least tell my students I am breaking a rule to make a point.... You obviously know a lot more about this stuff than me, so at this point i'm guessing I missed something...
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gweilo_farang



Joined: 23 Oct 2006

PostPosted: Thu Nov 23, 2006 7:36 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

poet13 wrote:
Please stop using such big words. lol. I'm not a trained teacher, I dont have a degree in education, I dont' have a TESOL, TEFL, TOSEL, .....I'm not even actually qualified to teach (that damn degree doesn't qulify anybody to do anything) but in a way, I feel more qualified than most of the people here I meet. ...

To me, units is the most fundemental way I can think about count vs non-count.

Ok, sorry! Smile I agree that TESOL degrees rarely help ppl teach...you sound like you know what you're doing.

"units" is fine...it'll probably work for the examples like "sands of time", too...but I'm sure you'll never have to teach that to Korean students!
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Privateer



Joined: 31 Aug 2005
Location: Easy Street.

PostPosted: Thu Nov 23, 2006 11:19 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Cutting (or using a blender) is a good way to conceptualise it: cut up a tree and you no longer have a tree. Cut up some wood and it's still wood. Ergo 'tree' is countable and 'wood' is uncountable.

It works for concrete nouns anyway, so it's a start.
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gweilo_farang



Joined: 23 Oct 2006

PostPosted: Thu Nov 23, 2006 7:58 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

poet13 wrote:
In re-reading, how is the concept of dog breaking the rules of grammar. you mentioned it twice, but i still dont get it. I mean, if you can chop it up into constituent pieces, then you have a non-count "thing". I think it would be a more shocking example in the US or Canada, but then again, the idea of chopping up a horse for food would be more natural to a frenchman than an American (US,CA,ME,....). If I have broken a grammar rule somewhere there, please DO tell me where so I can at least tell my students I am breaking a rule to make a point.... You obviously know a lot more about this stuff than me, so at this point i'm guessing I missed something...


Well, I'm a linguist...^^. [Actually, horse meat was common in post-war England where I grew up]

Short answer - don't worry, you're not breaking any rules!
Long answer - read on. I hope this doesn't confuse you. It's not light reading, I'm afraid.

First, it's not "chop[ping] it up into constituent pieces" that makes it a "non-count thing". If you chop sth into pieces, all you have are pieces and you can count them. - one dog leg, two dog legs...What we are talking about is the difference between a "thing" and "stuff" (substance, mass, liquid, material etc). Between "dog" as a "thing" and "dog" as "stuff" [like your "blended puppy" example]. One dog, two dogs vs "it smells of dog in here", "have some more dog", "that's a whole lot of dog!", where "dog" is "dog stuff". Although a grammar book would list "dog" as a "thing", we can, with a bit of context and imagination, find examples that make "dog" into "stuff". Grammar rules don't help us here, because the way we use it depends on how we are looking at/thinking of a "dog". Mostly it is a thing that barks/bites/ has 4 legs etc. But not always. How far does this idea extend to all the things and substances that we think of as "just existing" in the world? Quite a long way - but only if we take time to think beyond the ordinary. (for most English teachers in Korea it's surely irrelevant, however)

In other words, the world is not made up of "things" and "stuff" that exist independent of our experience and imagination [surely obvious to poets^^]. How we picture "things" and "stuff" depends on us. It's the context that does it. Most of the time it doesn't matter. Who cares? Think of the world as "just there". Count the things and put the stuff into containers etc before you can count it. "water" vs "a glass of water" etc. But try going deeper and this simple view falls apart. How can we explain "waters of the Nile" etc. Just call it an "exception" or "poetic"? That's not an explanation - it's a cop-out! We usually say "one dog, two dogs" but NOT "one water, two waters". But why "waters of the Nile"? Again, it depends on how WE choose to look at the world. We can also chop up stuff that seems "unchoppable". We can use metaphor etc to see things in a different way. We can view the water in a river as being bounded by time or space. We impose the structure on it - it doesn't exist objectively.

And as for the example given by sb else - "tree" is a countable thing and "wood" is the "stuff/substance/material". Again, normally that works. But can we push it? Can we break this "rule"? Let's try

Here's a couple of Google examples from native English speakers [my capitals]:

This one thinks of "tree" as substance - not a "thing". It's not common, BUT we CAN do it!
"Cordons are a great way to get a lot of TREE in a limited space"
http://www.hhdra.org.uk/efog/efogrep.htm

How about "wood" as a substance? Well, we can also find types of substances. So, in that case a woodcarver might talk about the qualities of different "woods" s/he uses:

"Carved from contrasting WOODS, whose colors and shapes create an animated form, Edmonds� work is..."
http://www.sculptor.org/Wood/Default.htm


So, "grammar" can be thought of as more like "dead poetry" than a set of hard and fast rules for us to memorize. Thinking of language in terms of "rules" makes us less creative. We become afraid to experiment with language because we fear being wrong. Rules are powerful "things"!
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