Korean Job Discussion Forums

[poet13]

Hello all.
Many Korean textbooks teach this as "in summer". I grew up believing you could use either in most situations, and exclusively one or the other in only a few situations.
Example.

In summer, I like to ride my bike.
In the summer, I like to ride my bike.

To me, they are both ok, though in the first one "summer" could be used as a different part of speech, as in; "In short, I like to ride my bike."

I did some online searching, and flipped through my books here, but couldnt find anything about it.

Is this just a matter of Brit/US/Cdn etc differences in English?
Or, am I really getting something wrong here?

Suggestions, links and direction welcome.
Thanks,

[Captain Corea]

Personally, I think they are both ok. But I suspect there isa slight difference between the two.

[ilovebdt]

[cubanlord]

[Woland]

For the information you need to get an answer, go to Tom Cobb's webpage, The Compleat Lexical Tutor: http://132.208.224.131/

Under the heading 'Research', go to 'Concordancers', select the corpus or corpora that you want to work from and initiate a search for both items and compare the results. I use the 'All of the above' option, which searches across a number of corpora with about 4 million words total, including both British and American sources, and a variety of spoken and written genres.

Here's the results I got for 'in summer' - 35 samples:

1 as a green taffeta party dress, white socks in summer and in the winter long grey socks with garter
2 cnic and camping use. It also cools the air in summer and nourishes the trees and wild life. T
3 cobalt sky is more intense than it ever is in summer, and the straw-coloured hills shine strong i
4 attractive recreational possibilities both in summer and winter seasons. Roznov itself is a g
5 u get out warm and it's freezing even in summer and you just have to get under them blankets
6 iscovered that Munich's early mornings even in summer are laden with dew. He had always known how
7 two to three times as much to remove a BTU in summer as it does to add one in winter, so every so
8 e severe cold winds, but it could also occur in summer as the result of lack of water or grass beca
9 he following Drinks Can Banks will be opened in Summer 1991 AUGUST 1991-LATE SUMMER HOLIDAY Mo
10 way I really like to see. What goes on in Summer Bay Is very important to me. People who
11 ed a daily intake of 2.2 mg of mussel flesh in summer (Bayne and Scullard, 1978). Similar inter
12 iesta? K: No, not in Madrid. Well, only in summer, because in summer work hours change because
13 e any amount of things you could write about in Summer. But in the depth of Winter say, er from Nov
14 ics. "Have you always kept the fire going in summer?" Elisabeth enquired. "I used not to, my
15 n Coreopsis verticillata welcomes visitors in summer ( far left) Delphiniums, shasta daisies an
16 kings. On ships at sea, on railroad trains, in summer hotels with mountain views, they always said
17 ay. I work near hot ovens (especially awful in summer). I have to lift fairly heavy loads up off
18 . L: That wouldn't matter. You can walk in summer if it's a nice day. It's a lovely walk acros
19 ding in the early spring and, occasionally, in summer) in which adults predominate. The animals do
20 night, till fiveo'clock instead of four. And in summer it'll be half past seven or seven o'clock wh
21 (1978) also found feeding to be most intense in summer. Largen (1967b) investigated the effect of t
22 as encroached all round the coast. However, in summer our early forebears went inland to hunt deer
23 . No matter how many Americans go abroad in summer, probably a hundred times as many gas up the
24 heathers. This kind of planting can be dull in summer, so Jenny and Michael planted clematis to sp
25 E BANK SITES The following will be opened in Summer 1991 The following Drinks Can Banks will b
26 lf sunk in the earth and covered with turf. In summer they lived in conical tents or huts roofed w
27 wn were like this on any sunshiny afternoon in summer; they were like this fifty-odd years ago, an
28 d two brick cisterns for the livestock. But in Summer those were dry we had to carry all the water
29 in winter, hot and damp under the iron dome in summer. Those whom I wish to address with this l
30 that winter lasts from October to April. In summer we go to the Black Sea, and in autumn somethi
31 Teresa, six to seveno'clock it's gon na be in summer. Well only thing Teresa's got to say to he
32 apillus could manage I.l s. balanoides a day in summer, whilst consuming fewer at other times (Tabl
33 particular point she would place variously in summer, winter, spring or autumn. Those that did no
34 in Madrid. Well, only in summer, because in summer work hours change because it's so hot. Eve
35 se who enjoy the open air and hate crowds! In summer, you can enjoy bathing from miles of smooth

Here's the results for 'in the summer' - 58 samples:

1 hinaman. What wears a long coat and pants in the summer? A dog. After winning a million pounds in
2 our own? P: Yes, last summer. I made it in the summer and it came out in November. It's called G
3 eat in the garden. There was not much rain in the summer and the ground was dry and dusty. The old ma
4 was a popular practice to flood the piazza in the summer, and the aristocrats would then ride around
5 ears with Town were as first team coach but in the summer, at Lyall's suggestion, he was promoted to te
6 she's gonna need her at weekends as well, in the summer, because she'll be away eventing. The onl
7 of us, and we always used to go to Frinton in the summer because one of my uncles had a house there a
8 still had to have completely new guttering in the summer because you cannot get anything to mend the
9 rough the calendar until Christmas ended up in the summer. Before people started to need calendars t
10 CM: Well, it's quite popular with tourists in the summer, but I would guess there will be none in th
11 she were Yeah. saying they all flower in the summer But is she gonna take any or not? No.
12 Go down the extra hours child! in the summer. Come And here! oh she says erm
13 it before? I don't think I have. I got it in the summer erm but then for some reason I decided I did
14 a walk. The Harbor is a big yachting basin in the summer. Even now, there were several slick cruisers
15 rs will be allowed to abandon their jackets in the summer for the first time and wear an almond-green
16 so But I , my personal suffering was erm in the summer, frightfully! And you see, you know the ball
17 ay long Mr. Podger, who was a straw-hat man in the summer, had worn the feather in the band of his bro
18 ls' in recent years that have drooped badly in the summer heat, but the 1996-97 season ended with such
19 e! Go, go away from me! You're so lucky! In the summer holidays I can, I can get up early if I want
20 ces? Well just I mean usu How much in the summer I usually get him some trainers er cheap, the
21 ar I don't Ah maybe when you can get out in the summer I'm just hoping I'm losing weight as we
22 week, you've got the Mayday holiday off and in the summer I've got the first three full weeks of the s
23 night, and erm she wants to work sometimes, in the summer it's gonna be Six. and seven o'clock at
24 's catalogue saying oh this'll look nice in the summer like, yeah yeah I know, and we were in bed.
25 Dad. Mhm? We can get the motorbike out in the summer. Mm. I wasn't meaning that motorbike in an
26 of treatment to between 75 and 85 per cent in the summer months. It appeared from the limited informa
27 next week. Last year, at about this time in the summer, my daughter Isobel, and a friend, Peta Sher
28 nded the first Spanish mission in California in the summer of 1769. His companions were sick, and he fa
29 re of interest in this context. At Millport, in the summer of 1949, Barnes and Powell ( 1950; quoted by
30 NTIL IT WAS IRREVERSIBLY damaged by a vandal in the summer of 1985, Rembrandt's "Danae " was by common
31 rance from plague, and may have been written in the summer of 1479, when an outbreak assailed the staff
32 Larkin on stylistic and technical grounds). In the summer of 1618 Lady Anne Clifford [q.v.]
33 root and branch" reform of the church, and in the summer of 1642 urged preparation for war. Although
34 ul and goods from St. Paul to Red River, as in the summer of 1847 when one trader, Wells, transported
35 He was mentioned in dispatches in 1917, and in the summer of 1918 was awarded the DFC for gallantry in
36 seemed assured and likely to be shared. "In the summer of 1939, just before the outbreak of war, my
37 o Warsaw, Poland, after the Russian journey in the summer of 1959 was expected to win the Polish vote
38 ving 1,230 persons or 260 persons per acre. In the summer of 1960 the oxidation pond became completely
39 ot of time together. 4 The shower But in the summer of 1974 everything began to change. One eveni
40 actory because� 2 One evening, in the summer of 1974, when Susan checked her hands at the
41 9 compared with only 1,000m during 13 weeks in the summer of 1988. By June 1989 the British service tu
42 alogue (Y6,800) 3.2 Data Discman Range In the summer of 1991, the Sony Corporation announced furth
43 practice, medical workload is often reduced in the summer period and educational events usually organi
44 ish to have a holiday of at least two weeks in the summer period which for some may also be confined t
45 n my way. It was mid-afternoon on a hot day in the summer season, and very quiet. There was no traff
46 ly sweeter in the winter time than they are in the summer-- Stay with the Group. <31:31> [LINA's w
47 e dead-headed, and the dead foliage removed in the summer. SUMMER Hemerocallis "Golden Chimes"
48 night. #CHAPTER 10# New York lay bleaching in the summer sun, and the morning fish hawk, flying in th
49 And last of all, Rome. I want to go there in the summer. Tell me about Rome. What's it like? T:
50 rsal of the settlement southward. When late in the summer the full extent of the damage was assessed,
51 The men would be working out in the fields in the Summer. Then they used to have their which was a cu
52 about three and a half months of the year, in the summer, there are three boats that run from the mai
53 ater in the winter and also heated the, and in the summer we let that out and had an immersion heater,
54 ou what is in my mind and heart -- and when in the summer we meet again, there will be further clandes
55 ng slit down its back. Every morning early, in the summer, we searched the trunks of the trees as high
56 only -- I doubt not I shall return to court in the summer, whether it be at Westminster, Eltham or Rich
57 's good. No. After, after er you break up in the summer? Yeah I know that's good. So next year
58 know if the sun's out. You want your health in the summer. Yeah. I don't remember this before. Oh

Okay, while it may appear that 'in the summer' is more common, in fact, a number of examples with the definite article are actually 'in the summer NOUN', with summer there as a modifier. Also, many of these examples are really the larger phrase, 'in the summer of DATE' (note that 'in summer DATE' occurs only twice in the data, saying something about the frequency of those two constructions.) So, in all likelihood, 'in summer' is perhaps the more frequent of the two where summer is understood as a noun.

Beyond this, you can dig around further to look for positional differences, dialectal differences, and genre differences (if you do this on the webpage, you can find the original corpus, which may provide information about dialect source and genre).

I suspect that 'in summer' is slightly more common in British than American English, if only because British English has more cases in general of nouns that block their noun phrase from accepting an article. But I have not looked deep enough into this to say that definitely here.

You may also want to look at concordances for the other seasons in the same constructions as well, to get an even more generalized picture of how we talk about the seasons.

Hope this helps.

[Hollywoodaction]

I was just about to suggest looking it up in a corpus when I saw your reply, Woland. Nice link, by the way...although, I'm partial to the Cobuild Corpus.

http://www.collins.co.uk/Corpus/CorpusSearch.aspx



Oh...What about 'over the summer'?